Management Review

Data Trading, Vertical Artificial Intelligence and Economic Growth

Yuan Jian, Duan Wei

2024, 36 (6): 3-18.

Abstract ( 137 )

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This paper delves into the economic incentives of data trading by developing an endogenous growth model that incorporates data as a factor in combination with AI. It examines the application of corporate data in the training of generalized AI to create vertical AI. Furthermore, the study investigates the differences in data trading incentives between in-house training models and those trained models provided by specialized AI service providers, as well as their respective impacts on the economy. It is found that, on the one hand, the combination of data and AI reinforces the growth effect in the data economy. On the other hand, compared to the in-house training model, firms have a higher willingness to sell data when trained by the AI service provider, which in turn increases the scale of the data trading and ultimately drives an increase in the level of total output. Further analysis suggests that the key driver behind these differences is the contribution of specialized data. It is observed that only within the training model facilitated by specialized AI service providers, the willingness of firms to engage in data trading increases in tandem with the rising contribution of specialized data. This paper expands the endogenous growth mechanism of the data economy and provides a reference for the design of incentive mechanisms for data trading centers.

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Research on the Incentive Mechanisms of Data Product Development: A Perspective on Moral Hazard

Liu Yuan, Yu Ying, Chen Hongmin

2024, 36 (6): 19-29.

Abstract ( 84 )

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To make the best of the principle of “those who make an investment and contribution are supposed to benefit” as set out in “Data 20”, government authorities and data exchanges have to find out how to effectively motivate firms to invest in the development of data products and enhance their participation in the data market. This paper extends traditional moral hazard theory to the two-sided market setting, and analyzes the optimal incentive measures of data exchanges and their impacts. The results indicate that: (1) in a two-sided market environment since buyers also benefit from developers’ efforts in data product development, the cost of these efforts may be transferred to the membership fees that exchanges charge buyers; (2) when determining the incentive measures, data exchanges should consider the network effects between developers and buyers, and an increase in the strength of marginal network effects can contribute to the improvement of welfare for each participant in the market; (3) as subsidy levels increase, product subsidies lead to a higher improvement in social welfare than listing registration subsidies. This study enriches the analytical frameworks of traditional incentive theory and two-sided market theory, and provides a theoretical reference for data exchanges in motivating firms to invest in the development of data products.

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Research on the Circulation and Revenue Sharing Mechanisms of Data Elements: An Example of Integrating Meteorological Data in Wind Power Scenarios

Wang Yanzhi, Huang Jingsi, Wang Jianxiao, Gao Feng, Song Jie

2024, 36 (6): 30-41.

Abstract ( 136 )

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In the context of accelerating the construction of a unified national data element market in China, the design of a data transaction and circulation model that suits the country’s specific conditions, along with a corresponding revenue sharing mechanism, has not yet been fully explored. This paper starts by setting up a data element transaction model based on the commonly recognized three main parties in the data element market, using meteorological data supply as a typical subdivided industry and the application of data in power forecasting as a typical scenario. The model incorporates a wind power prediction model based on machine learning, depicting the value realization of multi-feature data elements and data services. Furthermore, in designing a revenue sharing mechanism based on data value, this study compares the differences in the main benefits to data producers (data vendors) and market impact among four revenue sharing methods: the average method, leave-one-out method, Shapley Value method, and Penalty-modified Shapley Value method. Lastly, the research demonstrates that the Penalty-modified Shapley Value revenue sharing strategy effectively considers the level of differentiation among data elements in the market, while also identifying and preventing disturbances caused by data element replication.

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A Game Study of Government Regulation and Corporate Synergy in the Construction of Data Transaction Infrastructure

Wen Yue, Lyv Benfu, Zhang Xinyuan, Peng Geng

2024, 36 (6): 42-53.

Abstract ( 51 )

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Data transaction infrastructure, such as blockchain and privacy computing technology, can enable data transactions to realize “data availability and invisibility”, which is conducive to solving the paradox of data transaction and data security, but data suppliers and data transaction platforms are not motivated to build new infrastructure due to the lack of effective incentives. In order to explore the strategic choices of all parties in the process of data transaction infrastructure construction, this paper constructs a three-party evolutionary game model of data suppliers, data transaction platforms and the government, and analyzes how the government should apply regulatory measures to promote the data infrastructure. The results show that: (1) the government should focus on the regulation of data transaction platforms and timely provide subsidies in the early stage of the data infrastructure construction, which is conducive for the system to reach the desired stability point faster; (2) the government should take measures to reduce the cost of the data infrastructure, otherwise it will be difficult for the data transaction market to achieve the independent operation; (3) the government should strengthen the regulation in the early stage of the operation of the data transaction market by establishing a comprehensive data trading rules and systems, and gradually loosen regulation after the early stage. This will help establish market trust and attract more market participants. This paper analyzes the mechanism of tripartite synergy among data suppliers, data transaction platforms and the government, and thus provides theoretical basis and policy support for accelerating the construction and improvement of the data trading market.

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The Trade Credit Risk Management Strategies with Financial Constraint: Recovery Rate Improvement, Trade Credit Insurance or “Trade Credit Insurance+Factoring”?

Chen Jing, Zheng Chaonan

2024, 36 (6): 54-66.

Abstract ( 58 )

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Trade credit alleviates the shortage of a downstream firm’s capital and increases the order quantity, but also aggravates the financial risk of suppliers. One strategy for a supplier to mitigate the downstream firm’s default risk is enhancing the recovery rate by exerting efforts, such as establishing customer credit management system, or negotiating mortgage clause, or improving customer relationship to change the priority of being repaid. Factoring the accounts receivable based on the guarantee of trade credit insurance can also reduce the trade credit risk. Considering a single-period sales model, this paper investigates how a supplier with financial constraint should choose and establish an effective strategy of managing trade credit risk. Based on the model, the influence of working capital on the supplier’s choice, the optimal effort level, and the optimal coverage limit, are analyzed respectively as well. By the numerical analysis, the paper further explores the impact of order quantity and default rate of a downstream firm on the values of the factoring and the optimal coverage limit.The findings indicate that when facing severe financial constraints, suppliers should prioritize ensuring retailers’ income without default rather than blindly investing high costs to mitigate credit payment risks. Credit insurance is not an effective means to reduce credit payment risk when initial funds are abundant or scarce. However, if combined with factoring services, credit insurance can enhance investment returns through advances provided by factoring services, thereby increasing its value. When the security factor for insurance is low and prepayment yield is sufficiently high, full insurance becomes the optimal strategy. In such cases, suppliers no longer need to rely solely on their own efforts to improve payment recovery rates.

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The Impact of Digital Economy Development on Residents’ Consumption: An Empirical Study Based on City-level Panel Data in China

Wang Yaoyao, Yang Ying, Jia Ruining, Zhang Xiaokong, Chai Jian

2024, 36 (6): 67-80.

Abstract ( 89 )

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China has been experimenting with the transition from an investment-driven economic development mode to a consumption-driven mode. With the digital reconstruction of production mode, it is practically imperative to address the challenging question of how to explore the “digital dividend” and improve residents’ consumption. Based on this, we aim to explore the impact of digital economy development on residents’ consumption and its internal mechanism. Specifically, we use the observation of the 2088 city-year panels formed by 232 cities from 2011 to 2019, and conduct an empirical research by building a panel fixed effect model and a spatial econometric model. The results show that: (1) the digital economy development can boost residents’ consumption through the “income effect” and the “innovation effect”, which is still true after eliminating endogenous problems; (2) the digital economy development has a significant impact on the residents’ consumption in neighboring areas, namely, a positive spatial spillover effect; (3) the digital economy has a heterogeneous impact on residents’ consumption. For highly-developed regions, the digital economy development has a more significant effect on consumption promotion. This study contributes to the in-depth understanding of the important role of digital economy development and provides an important theoretical basis and policy reference for the digital transformation to release the residents’ consumption potential.

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New Infrastructure Construction and High-quality Economic Development

Tong Jian, Zhang Cong, Yan Yong

2024, 36 (6): 81-93.

Abstract ( 62 )

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Coordinating the infrastructure construction is a clear requirement of the Report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, where the coordinated development of “new” and “old” infrastructure is the key to high-quality economic development in China. Based on identification of the production externalities of “old infrastructure” and the network externalities of the “new infrastructure”, breaking through the static research frame, this paper studies the structural change effect of infrastructure investment on the path of economic growth. It finds that the short-term stimulus effect of “old infrastructure” is stronger than that of the “new infrastructure”, while the long-term economic stimulus effect and innovation incentive effect of the “new infrastructure” are obviously stronger than that of the “old infrastructure”. Meanwhile, “term constraint” is the key variable for the government to set the time point of the structural transformation of infrastructure investment. Government concerning more on the short-term economic growth target with less policy attention period often delays the time point of the structural transformation of infrastructure investment, which leads to the “step down” phenomenon of economic growth however. The empirical results further verify that “old infrastructure” has given full play to production externalities in the early stage of economic growth, whereas the incentive effect of “old infrastructure” on economic growth and innovative development is significantly weakened. While, the incentive effect of “new infrastructure” on economic growth and innovative development is significantly enhanced. Therefore, the government should combine the relative changes of marginal output of “new” and “old” infrastructure, adapting to local conditions, to promote the transformation of “new” and “old” infrastructure as soon as possible, and to coordinate the effective improvement of economic quality and reasonable growth of quantity.

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Investment Strategy of Cryptocurrency Market Based on Disposition Effect and Momentum Effect

Liu Shuai, Fang Yong, Wang Shouyang

2024, 36 (6): 94-106.

Abstract ( 52 )

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This paper selects capital gains overhang as a proxy variable for disposition effect, using public data and measurement methods to empirically test and confirm the existence of disposition effect and momentum effect in the cryptocurrency market. Three types of investment strategies have been designed for an investment pool that contains only cryptocurrency assets and no other traditional assets under the guidance of disposition effect and momentum effect. The investment targets of this paper are not only some cryptocurrencies with large market capitalization, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, but more varieties, accounting for more than 95% of the total market value of all cryptocurrencies. Under various parameter settings, the investment strategy that combines these two effects outperforms any strategy based on a single effect, and the three types of investment strategies directed by investor irrational behavior guidance are all better than the equal weight model which are robust and universal. In particular, this paper also discusses the duration of the momentum effect and disposition effect in the cryptocurrency market, the parameter selection of capital gains overhang and the ordering period parameter setting of the momentum strategy. It is found that the cryptocurrency market changes faster than the stock market, and the iteration cycle is shortened a lot. In addition, the momentum effect lasts no more than two weeks and the impact of disposition effect on the rate of return are within half a month in the cryptocurrency market. It is only valid to use daily data or higher frequency data to calculate the amount of capital gains overhang and to conduct back-testing to test the existence of disposition effect. On the contrary, the use of low-frequency weekly data is invalid. When the ordering period of the momentum strategy exceeds half of the duration of the momentum effect, the momentum strategy is not significantly affected by the ordering period parameter.

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Smart Phone and Flexible Employment: Evidence from China Household Finance Survey

Yin Zhichao, Qiu Hua, Gong Xue

2024, 36 (6): 107-118.

Abstract ( 86 )

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Under the impetus of the “New Infrastructure” initiatives, there has been rapid development in digital technology and the digital economy. Digital technology and the digital economy have emerged as crucial catalysts for driving China’s economic growth and shaping a new dual-cycle development pattern. It is crucial to leverage the advantages of the digital economy and harness the positive effects of digital technology to drive high-quality employment. This paper constructs a balanced panel using data from the 2015-2019 China Household Finance Survey and empirically analyzes the impact of smartphones on flexible employment using a fixed-effects model. The research indicates that as a crucial access tool to digital technology, smartphones significantly enhance the likelihood of laborer engaging in informal and self-employment, while also increasing their employment income. The impact of smartphones on flexible employment varies across job nature, labor characteristics, and regions. Furthermore, this paper identifies that information acquisition and social activities are channels through which smartphones influence flexible employment. The broader the scope of smartphone usage, the greater the likelihood of laborers engaging in flexible employment. Last but not least, smartphones facilitate merchants’ becoming “mobile vendors”, and they also positively impact the operational performance of commerce and industry. This paper provides insights and references for analyzing the employment dividends of the digital economy, promoting the development of flexible employment, and comprehensively stabilizing employment.

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Sheep or Wolves? Peer Effect in the Green Innovation Behavior of Heavy Polluting Companies

Zhang Zhe, Wang Yuyao, Jia Ming

2024, 36 (6): 119-132.

Abstract ( 120 )

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This paper studies the influencing factors of corporate green innovation from two perspectives: avoidant convergence and competitive convergence. Based on the new institutional theory, this paper takes China A-share listed heavy polluting companies from 2010 to 2019 as research samples, and finds that corporate green innovation behavior has a peer effect, and there are two influence mechanisms: avoidant convergence and competitive convergence. Moreover, the two convergence mechanisms have different effects on the green innovation. The former has a negative impact on the green innovation behavior of enterprises, while the latter has a positive impact on the green innovation behavior of enterprises. Compared with competitive convergence, avoidant convergence has a greater impact. Further research shows that when enterprises are under strong environmental pressure and high media attention, peer effect plays a greater role in green innovation of enterprises. Strong political relevance can enhance the effect of avoidant convergence on green innovation of enterprises, but it has no significant effect on the relationship between competitive convergence and green innovation. The research conclusion provides theoretical support for the government to understand and use the group environmental behavior.

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Research on Diversified Business Environment Configuration for Technology Market Development: Based on Qualitative Comparative Analysis of 31 Provinces

Li Jiaxue, Wang Weinan, Wang Yi, Chen Jin

2024, 36 (6): 133-145.

Abstract ( 33 )

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Technology market, as an important basis for technology elements circulation, is an important part of China’s modern market system and national innovation system. However, the existing research fails to pay enough attention to the commodity attribute of technology, ignoring the role of business environment ecology in technology market development. To fill this gap, we use qualitative comparative analysis method to explore the impact of complex interaction between the configuration logic of regional business environment ecological system on the development of technology market from the perspective of market design theory. The results show that: (1) The development of technology market needs the interaction and synergy of different business environment elements; (2) Each of the balanced, rule-of-law and efficiency-oriented business environments has its own way to promote the development of regional technology market. Provinces with less balanced business environment elements should first ensure a good humanistic environment and market environment and then selectively focus on either government environment or legal policy environment, instead of juggling both; (3) The same business environment configuration has equal effect on technology output and technology absorption. This study enriches and develops the relevant theories of market design, and provides suggestions for China to promote the development of technology market by optimizing the business environment, which is conducive to China’s active response to technology blockade and establishment of a unified national market.

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The Mechanism of How Organizational Green Culture Influences Firm Frugal Innovation: The Role of Green Supply Chain Learning and Green Organizational Identity

Ye Jiangfeng, Qin Weiwang, Hao Bin

2024, 36 (6): 146-156.

Abstract ( 88 )

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Frugal innovation, as a new innovation paradigm under resource-constrained situation, can avoid excessive consumption of production resources and ecological environment. It promotes firms’ value innovation and social sustainable development, facilitating the realization of the “carbon neutral and carbon peak” target. Although the practice and study of frugal innovation have been actively carried out, the formation mechanism of frugal innovation need to be further explored. Based on the survey data of 224 questionnaires from manufacturing firms in the Yangtze River Delta region, this study aims to determine the impact of organizational green culture on frugal innovation and thus proposes a moderated mediation model to explore the mediating effect of green supply chain learning (green supplier learning and green customer learning) and the moderating effects of green organizational identity in the above process. The results show that organizational green culture has a significant positive impact on frugal innovation. Green supplier learning and green customer learning mediate the relationship between organizational green culture and frugal innovation. Green organizational identity positively moderates the mediating effect of green supplier learning and green customer learning on the relationship between organizational green culture and frugal innovation. This study enriches and deepens the application of organizational culture theory, organizational learning theory and organizational identity theory in firms carrying out frugal innovation, and provides an unprecedented insight into the formation mechanism of frugal innovation.

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Restrain or Boost? The Double-edged Sword Effect of Concern for Face on Social Coupon

Tu Ming, Wang Xingdong, Ding Zhoujin, Guo Zizheng

2024, 36 (6): 157-168.

Abstract ( 120 )

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Existing studies mainly discuss the negative relationship between concern for face and traditional offline discount participation, but neglect the impact on social coupon. This paper explores the double-edged sword effect of concern for face on social coupon behaviors from the perspective of impression management. Through three studies, we examine the influence of concern for face on help-giving and help-seeking in social coupon through different impression management motives in the conditions of different social coupon types (seek-help vs. mutual-help). The results show that concern for face increases consumers’ help-giving intention in social coupon through self-enhancement and inhibit consumers’ help-seeking intention in social coupon through evaluation apprehension. Specifically, on the one hand, compared with mutual-help social coupon, seek-help social coupon enhances the positive influence of concern for face on self-enhancement, and thus increases the help-giving intention in social coupon. On the other hand, compared with mutual-help social coupon, seek-help social coupon increases the positive effect of concern for face on evaluation apprehension, and thus decreases consumers’ help-seeking intention in social coupon. The results of this paper reveal theoretical foundation for understanding social coupon and provide managerial implication for marketing practice of social coupon.

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Mitigating Turnover Intention Caused by Perceived Overqualification: The Three-order Interaction of Organizational Belongingness and Need of Belonging

Chen Lanlan, Jiang Xinhui, Wang Maolin, Wang Yanling, Chen Nannan

2024, 36 (6): 169-182.

Abstract ( 93 )

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The present research shifts the eyesight to need of relatedness, proposing that organizational belongingness can effectively buffer the impact of perceived overqualification on turnover intention. The job embeddedness model provides a theoretical basis for developing this hypothesis. Furthermore, drawing upon a “needs-supplies fit” perspective, the research identifies the boundary condition of the moderating effect - specifically, the level of an employee’s need of belonging. This leads to the development of a three-order interaction model. The expected significant three-order interaction is found in Study 1. In contrast to Study 1, Study 2’s sample consists of 261 factory workers with different education levels. Moreover, Study 2 supports the notion that turnover intention can predict objective voluntary quitting one year later. This study contributes new theoretical and practical implications for reducing the turnover tendency among employees with high perceived overqualification.

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Intergenerational Succession and Internationalization of Family Firms

Zhou Lixin

2024, 36 (6): 183-197.

Abstract ( 45 )

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This paper aims to study the effects of the second-generation ownership and management on family firm internationalization, and the moderating effects of intergenerational authority and institutional distance in this relationship. A questionnaire survey of 253 family firms in seven provinces or municipalities of China in 2020 is used to test the proposed hypotheses empirically. The results are as follows. First, the second-generation ownership has a significant U-shape effect on internationalization depth and breadth, and the second-generation management has a significant positive effect on internationalization depth and breadth in family firms. Second, intergenerational authority, formal institutional distance and informal institutional distance weaken the effects of the second-generation ownership and management on internationalization depth and breadth in family firms. Further study finds that international market knowledge mediates the relationships among the second-generation ownership, the second-generation management and internationalization depth and breadth in family firms. This paper enriches and develops the literature on relationship between intergenerational succession and family firm internationalization, which also has both theoretical and practical significance in understanding how family firms make international strategic choices in the process of intergenerational succession.

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“Rose Presented, Fragrance Remains”: Research on the Impact of Stakeholder Relationship on Enterprise Social Goal Orientation from the Perspective of Economic and Social Systems

Lu Xiaowei, Cen Jie, Xiao Yao, Qi Huibo

2024, 36 (6): 198-211.

Abstract ( 43 )

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With the continuous deepening of people’s understanding of corporate social responsibility, the core goal of enterprises is no longer just to pursue economic value. Corporate social goal orientation is considered a sustainable development driving force in the transformation of the market economy. In view of this, based on the theory of resource dependence and from the perspective of the dual system of economy and society, this paper aims to explore the impact of external core stakeholders on the social goal orientation of enterprises. Based on the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2012 to 2018, this paper explores the driving factors of social goal orientation according to the characteristics of sample enterprises and their groups, and establishes an analytical paradigm of stakeholder relationship enterprise social goal orientation based on the economic social dual system. The empirical results indicate that the heterogeneity of stakeholder relationships can bring different driving effects: the relationship between stakeholder relationships and corporate social goal orientation will also change due to different subsystems of enterprise bias; when enterprises prioritize the dual system of economy and society, market and government relationship have the most significant positive impact on the social goal orientation of enterprises; when enterprises only integrate into social subsystems, strong government relationships are not conducive to achieving corporate social goal orientation; when enterprises only focus on economic subsystems, they place too much emphasis on utilizing market relationship to achieve wealth. Although strong market relationship leads to strong market competitiveness of these enterprises, market stakeholders propose corresponding market demands, leading to a marginal and significant driving effect of economic interests as the ultimate pursuit of the main body of the enterprise’s social goal orientation; when a company is in a low-quality stage, its credibility and reliability are poor, and its acceptance by the market is low. At the same time, it faces a high threshold of legitimacy. At this stage, the company rejects the integration of economic and social subsystems, leading to weak government and market relationship in promoting the company’s social goals. Given the “game nature” of the role of the government and the market, this study proposes a corporate social goal-oriented research based on the interaction between enterprises and the external environment, integrating an economic social dual system framework. It provides important reference significance for areas such as heterogeneous environmental context impact, enterprise value, stakeholder relationship driven, and strong impact generated by market exchange.

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Resource Buffer Sizing of Critical Chain Project Based on Time Value

Zhang Junguang, Zhou Shang

2024, 36 (6): 212-218.

Abstract ( 23 )

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Classic researches on the critical chain project buffer sizing focus on the time buffer but ignore the impact of the resource buffer. In order to absorb the uncertainty of resources over time and determine a reasonable resource buffer size, a resource buffer sizing method is proposed based on time value. Firstly, the concept of resource time value is proposed considering the risk of resource effectiveness decreasing with time, and the changes of resources over time are calculated by combining the risk exposure. Secondly, the time of resource buffers are determined based on the duration and location of activities, and the location of resource buffers are determined based on the demand for resources. The resource buffers are set by reserving some resources before the execution of activities. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation is carried out by using MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results indicate that this resource buffer sizing method can effectively reduce the consumption of project buffer and shorten the project duration.

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Uniform Pricing vs Behavior Based Pricing—The Pricing Choices in the Presence of Store Brand Introduction under Agency Selling Mode

Wang Biao, Luo Chunlin, Yu Dongdong, Xu Jie

2024, 36 (6): 219-228.

Abstract ( 53 )

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If a manufacturer sells its brand products through an e-commerce platform, and the platform introduces its store brand, then a new “co-opetition” relationship will appear between them. For such an online selling system, we investigate the multi-period pricing strategies of the platform and the manufacturer: uniform pricing (UP) vs behavior-based pricing (BBP). The research shows that when the commission rate is relatively high, the implementation of BBP strategy can make the platform and the manufacturer achieve a win-win result. When the commission rate is low and their cost advantages are almost equivalent, firms implementing BBP strategy will fall into a “prisoner’s dilemma”. The firm with cost disadvantage can always use BBP to achieve more profits. When the platform and the manufacturer implement the BBP strategy, both the platform and the manufacturer will grant discounts to repeat customers under certain conditions.

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Vertically and Horizontally: Customer Concentration, Coupling Coordination Degree and Firm Performance

Shi Jinyan, Yu Conghui, Li Yanxi

2024, 36 (6): 229-242.

Abstract ( 51 )

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This research explores the impact of customer concentration (CC) on firm performance from the perspective of vertical supply chain, and further discusses the moderating effect of the coordinate interaction and competitive coercion between customers from the perspective of horizontal supply chain. Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies and their top five customers, the empirical results show an inverted U-shaped relationship between CC and firm performances, which is more pronounced in non-stateowned enterprises. Furthermore, we build a set of customer coupling coordination degree metrics from the perspective of major customers’ purchasing behavior, and find that the inverted U-shaped relationship between CC and firm performance is strengthened by customer coupling coordination degree. In other words, the improvement of customer coupling coordination degree will strengthen both the positive relationship between moderate concentration and firm performance and the negative relationship between over-concentration and firm performance. This paper deepens the research into the mechanism of how CC influences firm performance, and provides empirical evidence for explaining the impact of principal relationship in supply chain on firm performance from multiple perspectives.

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Emission Reduction and Pricing Policies of a Low-carbon Supply Chain Considering Advance Sales and Consumer Overconfidence

Xia Liangjie, Feng Jinru, Wang Jun, Hou Pengwen

2024, 36 (6): 243-254.

Abstract ( 32 )

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Considering consumers’ overconfidence in product value valuation under carbon trading regulations, the paper studies the emission reduction, order quantity and price decisions of a two-level supply chain composed of a single manufacturer and a single retailer with pre-sale option, and analyzes the influence of retailers’ pre-sale decisions and overconfidence on the game equilibrium, profit, total carbon emissions, consumer surplus and social welfare of supply chain members. The results are as follows. When the wholesale price of new products is very low, retailers should adopt the mode of “normal selling” and offer fresh products at the lowest price. At the same time, the wholesale price, current selling price and social welfare are positively correlated with the overconfidence level of consumers, but the consumer surplus is negatively correlated with the overconfidence level. The order quantity of the current sale period, the emission reduction decision of the manufacturer and the total amount of carbon emissions are not correlated with consumers’ overconfidence. When the new product’s wholesale price is low, the retailer should adopt “discount advance selling + normal selling” mode. At this point, consumers’ overconfidence will help promote carbon emission reduction per unit product, but the impact of overconfidence on supply chain pricing, corporate profits, carbon emissions and social welfare is related to the production cost of products, carbon trading regulation and consumers’ preference for low carbon.

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Green Design and Green Marketing Decisions of Supply Chain from the Perspective of Environmental Responsibility

Yao Fengmin, Yan Yingluo, Li Yue, Sun Jiayi

2024, 36 (6): 255-265.

Abstract ( 56 )

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In the context of green and low-carbon economy, how to realize the efficient collaboration between green design and green marketing is very important for supply chain member enterprises to fulfill their environmental responsibilities and achieve sustainable development. Aiming at three different situations of green design and green marketing efforts of supply chain member enterprises, the green design and green marketing effort decision-making models of supply chain are constructed, and the impact of green design cost effect, green design demand effect and green marketing effort effect on supply chain operation optimization and environment is discussed. It is found that in any case, the increase of green design cost effect, green design demand effect and green marketing effort effect is conducive to improving the green design level and green marketing efforts, and to improving the performance of both supply chain and its members, but may not be conducive to reducing the environment total impact of products. When the green design cost effect is small, the manufacturer prefers the retailer to implement green design and green marketing efforts, but the retailer does not prefer the manufacturer to implement green design and green marketing. However, when the cost effect and environmental effect of green design are large, the supply chain operation mode in which the manufacturer implements green design and the retailer implements green marketing efforts can effectively realize the coordinated development of economy and environment.

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An Analysis of Government Crisis Learning Paths through Event Attributes, Organizational Characteristics and Environmental Stressors

Li Yuhuan, Wen Jiayuan, Yu Peng

2024, 36 (6): 266-276.

Abstract ( 36 )

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Facing the coming of the risk society, improving the government’s crisis learning ability has become an important issue. This paper focuses on the driving factors and configuration path of government crisis learning, encodes the text data of 16 major emergencies according to five variables in three dimensions: event attributes, organizational factors and external environment, and qualitatively analyzes the univariate and combined effects of conditional variables on government crisis learning through fsQCA. It is found that crisis double-loop learning cannot be determined by a single condition, but is the result of a combination of multiple factors. Organizations that occur in densely populated areas, have higher death toll and economic loss, and have a better internal drive learning culture are more likely to drive double-loop learning. For factors such as external attention, a configuration path needs to be formed with other factors to drive the occurrence of double-loop learning. Based on the results of case analysis, this paper puts forward specific suggestions in order to provide theoretical support for improving the government’s crisis learning ability.

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Evolution and Governance of the Relationship between Live-streaming E-commerce Platform and Leading Vendors on the Platform—Based on the Case Study of Kuaishou’s Reining in Live-streamer XB

Liu Ruijian, Li Nan, Meng Jiaxin

2024, 36 (6): 277-288.

Abstract ( 62 )

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Taking Kuaishou platform and live-streamer XB as the research objects, based on the perspective of symbiosis theory, this paper explores the evolution path and governance mechanism of the relationship between a live-streaming e-commerce platform and leading vendors on the platform. The paper finds that the platform owner and leading vendors compete and cooperate with each other in an ecosystem, and the relationship is developing in stages. In the embryonic stage of the platform ecosystem, leading vendors and the platform owner get along on a reciprocal symbiosis basis. In the rapid growth period, a “winner takes all” situation dominated by leading vendors appears in the ecosystem, and the relationship between the two evolves to a biased symbiosis or parasitic symbiosis model in replacement of the original equilibrium. In the orderly growth period, in order to regain equilibrium, the platform owner begins to rein in leading vendors both by controlling key resources and by diversifying the ecosystem and strengthening closed-loop ecological capacity to weaken leading vendors.

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