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Does the Development of Digital Economy Narrows the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas?—Empirical Evidence from Chinese Cities Li Zhen, Chang Zhongze, Dai Wei, Wang Shaobin Management Review    2025, 37 (4): 61-71.   Abstract （407）      PDF （1198KB）（289）       Knowledge map    Narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is one of the most important ways to promote common prosperity. At the same time, the world has entered the digital era, and the digital economy has had a significant impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. This paper explores the theoretical logic and specific mechanism of the impact of digital economy on the urban-rural income gap. Using the data of 290 cities in China, this paper makes an empirical analysis by constructing the digital economy index system and using the fixed-effect model, generalized moment estimation, panel threshold model and other methods. The results show that there is a significant U-shaped relationship between digital economy and urban-rural income gap, which is well supported by robustness test and endogeneity test. Mechanism analysis shows that digital economy can narrow the urban-rural income gap by promoting the level of urbanization. Threshold regression analysis shows that the effect of digital economy development on urban-rural income gap is regulated by per capita GDP and the proportion of science and technology expenditure in GDP. Based on the theoretical analysis and empirical results, this paper puts forward some targeted policy suggestions to narrow the urban-rural income gap. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Global Key Shipping Channel Disruption on Supply Chain—Case Study on the Grounding of Ever Given in Suez Canal Li Dengyuhui, Jiao Jianbin, Wang Shouyang, Zhou Guanghui Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 237-248.   Abstract （352）      PDF （10371KB）（150）       Knowledge map    The safety and smooth flow of key shipping channels is a prerequisite for supply chain operations. The grounding of Ever Given led to a six-day blockage of the Suez Canal, disrupting the international trade and logistics supply chain seriously. It set the highest record for container shipping in terms of vessel tonnage, congestion degree, and economic loss. This paper scrutinizes the whole process of the grounding of Ever Given and the structural risks faced by the Suez Canal route. The impact is analyzed from the perspectives of the chain reaction of global supply chain, the international crude oil price fluctuation, large-scale congestion in ports, the rapid growth of shipping price, and impacts on China’s foreign trade. Then, this paper summarizes the implications of this blockage for global supply chain risk management, and provides guidance for impact assessment and emergency management of the possible disruptions caused by other blockages of key shipping channels. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital Technology Adoption and Employment Structure: Empirical Evidence from Listed Companies Guan Rong, Wang Heting, Wang Huijuan Management Review    2025, 37 (8): 3-15.   Abstract （334）      PDF （1242KB）（232）       Knowledge map    The transformation and development of enterprises applying digital technology is the kernel guarantee to promote the high-quality development of China’s digital economy, and the resulting impact and influence on the micro labor market is an issue that needs to be urgently resolved for the development of the country’s major strategies. Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020, this paper takes a micro perspective to explore the impact of digital technology application on the employment structure of enterprises and the mechanism underlying the impact. It is found that the application of digital technology has an “inverted U-shaped” relationship with the total number of employees and the number of unskilled employees, but there is a significant positive relationship with the number of skilled employees, indicating that the application of digital technology can help optimize the employment structure of enterprises and thus has an empowering effect. Further analysis reveals that the application of digital technology affects the employment structure of enterprises mainly by enhancing innovation capability, affecting the level of skill premium, and improving productivity. The spillover effect of digital technology on enterprises varies significantly, depending on their production scale, social burden and likelihood of being substituted. The relevant conclusions bring more empirical support for clarifying the mechanism of how digital technology influences the employment structure of enterprises, and provide certain policy insights for promoting the integration of digital technology with the real economy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Structure and Evolution of Industrial Embodied Carbon Emission Flow Network in China under the Constraint of Carbon Peaking Wang Zhaohua, Wang Shuohan, Li Hao, Wang Song, Zhang Shuang Management Review    2025, 37 (4): 3-16.   Abstract （320）      PDF （11018KB）（237）       Knowledge map    The upstream and downstream of the industrial production process are highly correlated, so changing the existing production process is bound to bring about transformations in the whole industrial system. Therefore, in order to achieve the carbon peak in the industrial sector, it is necessary to study the embodied carbon emission flow relationship between different industries to promote carbon emission reduction collaboratively. In this paper, we compile China’s input-output tables of 2025 and 2030 based on GRAS method and use expanded environment input-output model (EEIO) and social network analysis method (SNA) to identify the characteristics of the structure and evolution of the embodied carbon emission flow networks of China’s industrial chain during 2010 to 2030. The results show that during 2010 to 2030, the embodied carbon emissions of the power sector show a rapid rising trend, while those of petrochemical, chemical, non-metallic mineral products, smelting and pressing of mental decrease between 8% and 30%. As for the perspective of network structure, chemical, non-metallic mineral products and mental smelting and pressing sectors are the main embodied carbon “importers”, while electric power, chemical and special equipment manufacturing sectors are the main embodied carbon “suppliers”. Electric power sector, chemicals and specialized equipment manufacturing contribute 40% of the intermediation capacity in embodied carbon emission network. Under the constraint of carbon peak target, the center of embodied carbon network is gradually transferred to the tertiary industry, and electric power, service and transportation sectors become important “bridge” in the process of embodied carbon transfer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measurement of Regional Green Development and Exploration of Its Spatial Network Su Yi, Fan Qiming Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 19-30.   Abstract （316）      PDF （10618KB）（123）       Knowledge map    This paper constructs a green development evaluation index system based on DPSIR model, and explores its spatial network structure on the basis of measuring regional green development level. The results are as follows. (1) Green development is not balanced among regions. The level of green development in each region can be divided into four categories: mature type, rapid development type, gradual promotion type and early growth type. Economically developed regions are more likely to generate development advantages through “response + drive”, while resource-dependent and traditional industry-intensive regions lag behind in green development due to lack of innovation. (2) In the space network, inter-regional connectivity is strong and there is no strict hierarchical structure, which is conducive to promoting inter-regional cooperation and complementarity. However, the stability of the network is weak, and a high-quality regional cooperation pattern has not yet been formed. (3) Location factors, rather than capacity factors, are the key to whether a region can occupy an important position in the space network. Compared with regions at high levels of green development, regions at low levels of green development are more likely to produce spillover effects. The research results provide ideas for further promoting high-quality green development in China. On the one hand, all regions should pay attention to the coordinated development of DPSIR elements, open up the transformation channel of “policy-response-driving force”, excavate the driving path from productivity to “pressure reduction-state improvement-green welfare”, and explore the high-quality development path according to local conditions. On the other hand, it is necessary to break the barriers between regions, give play to the role of specific regional ties, stimulate the leading role of green areas, increase support for weak green areas, build a spatial pattern of green, low-carbon and high-quality development, and promote coordinated regional development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Local Government Debt Expansion and Corporate Trade Credit Supply Wu Yuhui, Mo Yifan Management Review    2025, 37 (3): 3-16.   Abstract （296）      PDF （1240KB）（165）       Knowledge map    This paper empirically examines the impact of government debt expansion on corporate trade credit supply and its underlying mechanisms based on hand-collected and compiled comprehensive data on local government debt and financial data of non-financial listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2007 to 2019. The findings show that government debt expansion has a significant inhibitory effect on corporate trade credit supply, and the effect is more pronounced in enterprises that are non-state-owned, small-scaled, and exposed to less industry competition. The mechanism test reveals that the expansion of government debt scale aggravates the financing constraints, operational risks, and tax burdens of enterprises, thereby reducing their trade credit supply. Further research shows that government debt expansion shortens the supply period of trade credit and lowers its quality. This study provides reference and guidance for strengthening government debt governance and preventing systemic financial risks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Can Executive Opportunistic Stock Selling Restrictions Improve Stock Price Informativeness? Evidence from the “New Regulation on Insider Selling” in China Huang Wan, Luo Hong Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 3-18.   Abstract （293）      PDF （12694KB）（166）       Knowledge map    It is of great significance to effectively regulate executives’ selling behaviors to promote the long-term, stable and healthy development of capital market. Based on the “New Regulation on Insider Selling” in China and using data from A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2021, this paper investigates the impact of restricting executives’ opportunistic stock selling on stock price informativeness. The results show that restricting executives’ opportunistic stock selling can help improve stock price informativeness. This effect is more significant when the selling scale is large and when there are stock sales by core executives. Moreover, this promotion effect is also strengthened for firms that are exposed to a poor information environment and prone to manipulate information disclosure. Further analysis suggests that restricting executives’ opportunistic stock selling can promote firm-level information collection by external investors, as evidenced by wider institutional shareholdings and more attention from investors. In addition, restricting executives’ opportunistic stock selling makes a firm’s current stock price more reflective of its future earnings. The main conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. Overall, this paper enriches the literature on both insider trading supervision and stock price informativeness, and has enlightenment for regulatory authorities to improve the design of stock selling system and promote the high-quality development of capital market. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Double-edged Effect of Perceived Algorithmic Control on Work Engagement of Gig Workers Luo Jinlian, Zhang Chao, Zhao Chenfang, Zhong Jing Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 175-186.   Abstract （289）      PDF （11005KB）（158）       Knowledge map    Based on conservation of resources theory and social identity theory, this paper builds a model to explore the mechanism of how perceived algorithm control affects the level of gig workers’ work engagement. By analyzing and testing 385 valid empirical data collected from takeout riders, online ride-hailing drivers and instant delivery workers, this paper examines the “double-edged sword” effect of perceived algorithmic control on the work engagement of gig workers. The results indicate that perceived algorithmic control has a “double-edged sword” effect on the work engagement of gig workers, perceived algorithmic control may, on the one hand, improve the role clarity of gig workers and, on the other hand, lower work engagement by causing a loss of work autonomy. Furthermore, perceived algorithmic procedure fairness may also strengthen the ability of perceived algorithmic control to improve gig workers’ work engagement through role clarity and mitigate its ability to weaken their work engagement through job autonomy, i.e., the higher the perceived algorithmic procedure fairness is, the better able perceived algorithmic control is to facilitate gig workers’ work engagement by increasing their role clarity, while the lower the perceived algorithmic procedure fairness is, the more likely perceived algorithmic control is to dampen gig workers’ work engagement by diminishing their job autonomy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Dynamic Process of Overcoming Liability of Ecosystem Integration and Ecosystem Configuration Combination: A Case Study and an fsQCA Analysis Gao Yaqi, Cai Wenxuan, Shi Xianwei Management Review    2025, 37 (3): 261-275.   Abstract （265）      PDF （2560KB）（127）       Knowledge map    The concept of liability of ecosystem integration (LoEI) expands the scope of discussions on liability of foreignness (LoF) and liability of outsider (LoO). Regarding the influencing factors of companies going overseas, LoEI broadens the scope of responsibilities that foreign entrants may face and proposes the establishment of a multi-layered local ecosystem to be effective in the host country market, but the process mechanism of how companies overcome LoEI has not yet been explored. This paper uses case analysis and NCA and fsQCA methods, taking legitimacy acquisition as a clue to analyze the dynamic process mechanism of how overseas enterprises overcome LoEI, and explore the combination of ecosystem configurations that affect the level of overseas enterprises overcoming LoEI. The study concludes that: (1) the dynamic process model of LoEI includes three stages: encountering LoEI at the initial market entry period, maintaining LoEI at the market development period, and defending LoEI at the period of external shocks; (2) ecosystem configuration combinations that produce high LoEI-overcoming levels include institutional distance, Gini index, urbanization rate, foreign capital inflow, trade competitive advantage, and economic complexity. The research provides theoretical support and guidance for overseas enterprises and economically open countries to achieve high local ecosystem embeddedness and build their development environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cross-regional Government Data Co-governance under the Perspective of Open Government Data: A Quadrilateral Evolutionary Game Analysis Wu Sen, Yang Zhengfan, Shan Zhiguang, He Huixia, Wei Guiying Management Review    2025, 37 (3): 136-148.   Abstract （235）      PDF （10255KB）（109）       Knowledge map    There are regional differences in the process of government data opening in China, and the lack of mobility and coordination of government open data in different regions seriously hinders the aggregation and utilization of cross-regional heterogeneous data. Therefore, it is necessary for multi-party participants to collaborate in data governance and promote cross-regional government data co-governance in order to further explore the value of open data. This paper constructs a quadrilateral evolutionary game model of data co-governance that includes the central government, two cross-regional government data open platforms at the same administrative level, and data utilization groups to explore the equilibrium strategy and strategy stability of multi-party participation in government data co-governance. It also combines the simulation analysis of data related to two local governments in 2022 to study key factors such as policy differences and data utilization groups’ behavior on the evolutionary path. This paper finds that: the central government’s subsidy mechanism for data utilization groups can promote their information feedback, which in turn promotes data co-governance of open government data platforms in the two regions, and as the satisfaction level of co-governance increases, the central government shifts from the punishment mechanism to the subsidy mechanism for platforms; the cross-incentive mechanism under the subsidy mechanism can alleviate the free-rider behavior of platforms in government data co-governance and realize collaborative data co-governance in the two regions; the implementation of differential incentives under the penalty mechanism under specific conditions can avoid the prisoner’s dilemma of the two regional platforms and realize the collaborative data co-governance. Finally, policy and management suggestions are put forward from the perspective of each government data co-governance participant to provide a reference for cross-regional local governments to implement government data co-governance on open data. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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How does Business Ecosystem Drive Urban Economic Resilience:A Configuration Analysis Based on Complex Systems View Zhao Yunhui, Liang Yuqi, Feng Taiwen, Du Yunzhou Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 57-71.   Abstract （229）      PDF （13422KB）（124）       Knowledge map    Improving the urban economic resilience can help cities more effectively respond to external shocks caused by multi-dimensional and multi-type risks, and thus achieve high-quality development. Finding out how to optimize business environment to drive urban economic resilience is the key for government policy development, and also an important issue in management research. In this paper, we construct a two-dimensional construction of “risk-resistant process - industrial structure state”, and conduct a configuration analysis based on 245 cities by NCA and fsQCA methods to explain how business environment drives urban economic resilience. The study shows that: (1) single factors of business environment do not constitute the necessary condition for generating high urban economic resilience, but improving the level of public services, human resources and financial services plays an important role in generating high urban economic resilience; (2) “multiple concurrencies” of business environment factors generate diverse configurations of high urban economic resilience. To be specific, urban economic resilience is driven through the optimization or substitution of business factors. The 4 types of business environment show that there are multiple paths to generate high urban economic resilience; (3) a favorable business environment can drive industrial structure upgrading and thus drive urban economic resilience. The findings can provide important insights for Chinese cities to optimize their business environment, cope with external shocks, and shape high economic resilience. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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How does Carbon Emissions Trading Affect the Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises? Li Zhiguo, Wang Jie, Wang Bohan Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 31-43.   Abstract （228）      PDF （10429KB）（87）       Knowledge map    Given the lack of empirical evidence from China regarding whether carbon emission trading as a typical market-driven environmental regulation mechanism can trigger the Porter effect and improve the total factor productivity of enterprises, this paper uses the method of difference in difference in differences (DDD) to design a quasi-natural experiment of the pilot policy of carbon emission trading, and applies the spatial econometrics to explore, from the micro level, the influence of carbon emission trading on the total factor productivity (TFP) of enterprises and the mechanism underlying the influence by constructing a vertical and horizontal spillover weight matrix between industries. The results show that carbon emission trading can improve the total factor productivity of enterprises and induce inter-industry policy spillover effect, and the direct impact of carbon emission trading on the total factor productivity of enterprises presents an inverted U-shaped dynamic characteristic. The impact of carbon emissions trading on the total factor productivity of enterprises has typical heterogeneity characteristics. The total factor productivity of state-owned enterprises and small-scale enterprises is affected more significantly by policies. The mechanism analysis shows that carbon emission trading can affect the total factor productivity of enterprises through R&D effect, transformation effect and cost effect. Meanwhile, the impact of carbon emission trading on the total factor productivity of enterprises is moderated by enterprises’ internal characteristics (financial mismatch, human capital) and external characteristics (administrative intervention). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Research into the Mechanism of How New Infrastructure Projects Drive Integrated Urban-Rural Development Wu Guobin, Li Yuhan, Yang Fan, Li Yulong Management Review    2025, 37 (9): 3-14.   Abstract （221）      PDF （1215KB）（149）       Knowledge map    New infrastructure has great potential to promote integrated urban-rural development. Based on the panel data of 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2012 to 2021, this paper applies spatial lag modeling to test the mechanism of how new infrastructure drives integrated urban-rural development. The results demonstrate that the new infrastructure has a driving effect on integrated urban-rural development, and there is a significant spatial spillover effect. The three types of new infrastructure, namely information-based infrastructure, integrated infrastructure, and innovation infrastructure, all have a positive effect on integrated urban-rural development. Specifically, the effect of information-based infrastructure relies on the digital economy, the effect of innovation infrastructure relies on industrial structure upgrading, and the effect of integrated infrastructure can be transmitted through both the digital economy and industrial structure upgrading. Therefore, the investment and construction of the three types of new infrastructure should be planned scientifically, considering the digital economy and industrial structure of the region, and the interregional planning of new infrastructure should be strengthened, to give full play to the spatial spillover effect of the new infrastructure, and to promote integrated urban-rural development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Emission Reduction Effect of Low-carbon Transition in Power System: Analysis from the Perspective of Structure Optimization Zhang Guoxing, Gao Xiulin, Yang Yang, Yu Lean, Liu Chuanbin Management Review    2025, 37 (5): 3-16.   Abstract （217）      PDF （1501KB）（131）       Knowledge map    Promoting structural decarbonization of the power system, the largest source of CO2 emissions in China, is conducive to slowing down urban carbon emissions and realizing the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. On the basis of decomposing the production data of all power plants of 6000 kW and above in China (14,570 plants in total) to the city level, this paper uses the panel data of 274 urban power production terminals from 2015 to 2019 to analyze the impact of low-carbon transformation of power system on urban carbon emissions and the spatial differences by using a spatial metro-logy model. With the aid of LMDI decomposition analysis, the future carbon emission paths of power systems in seven regions are predicted under two policy scenarios. The results show that:(1) Compared with thermal power generation, renewable energy generation can effectively reduce urban carbon emissions in Central, South, Southwest and Northwest China; (2) The clean transformation of power generation structure can effectively inhibit the increase of urban carbon emissions, and there is a positive spatial spillover effect. Specifically, when the share of renewable energy generation increases by 1%, urban carbon emissions fall by an average of 2.1%; (3) Regional policy scenario analysis shows that power systems in Northwest and Southwest China will be the first to achieve the peak of carbon emissions, while those in North and East China will be the last, and all regional power systems will achieve the peak goal successively in 2026-2030. At present, the overall proportion of clean energy power generation is still small, and it is necessary to fully tap and utilize the potential of wind, sunlight and other renewable energy power generation while promoting power generation technology innovation, and continue to enhance the positive role of renewables in urban carbon reduction and green governance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Analysis of Financial Innovation, Risks and Supervision Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game Gong Qingbin, Diao Xundi, Wu Chongfeng Management Review    2025, 37 (7): 3-14.   Abstract （210）      PDF （1620KB）（327）       Knowledge map    Based on the strategic interaction and behavioral assumptions of financial institutions, investors and market regulators, a tripartite evolutionary game model of the financial innovation is constructed. The study establishes a time-varying return matrix for the game by taking account of the correlation between investor participation and market risk levels, as well as their impacts on participant behavior. With the dynamical system method, the equilibria of the model are solved, and the asymptotic stability conditions of equilibria are investigated. The result shows that the mixed strategies are not evolutionary stable strategies (ESS). The evolutionary dynamics are influenced by many factors such as the risk level of financial innovation, the efficiency of supervision, the innovation costs, and investment costs. In order to achieve the low-risk regulatory goals, regulators need to take measures to reduce regulatory costs, improve regulatory efficiency, and increase input costs of high-risk financial products. The numerical simulations further demonstrate the complexity of market dynamics under different parameter conditions, as well as the impact of regulatory policy on market evolution. When there are multiple equilibria, regulators should take several measures simultaneously by changing the initial market conditions and equilibrium stability conditions. This study enriches the theoretical research on financial innovation and regulation, and provides significant implications for formulating and adjusting regulatory strategies. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Impact of Energy Structure Optimization on the High-quality Development of China's Economy Feng Mei, Wei Tao, Lan Lan, Chen Yiqing Management Review    2025, 37 (4): 33-45.   Abstract （207）      PDF （1185KB）（128）       Knowledge map    Energy is an important factor related to the national economic lifeline and social stability, and its structural optimization is of significant significance for promoting high-quality economic development in China. This paper takes data from 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2020 as samples and uses a systematic GMM model to explore the impact of energy structure optimization on high-quality economic development from both supply and demand sides. The study finds that energy production structure and consumption structure optimization have a significant positive impact on high-quality economic development in China; There are positive government governance effects and energy investment effects on the supply side and demand side, respectively; There is regional heterogeneity in the impact of energy structure optimization on high-quality economic development in China. Among them, the promotion effect of energy production structure optimization on high-quality economic development is significant in the central region, while the promotion effect of energy consumption structure optimization is significant in the eastern and central regions. In summary, this study not only provides strong empirical support for the positive role of energy structure optimization in promoting high-quality economic development, but also provides useful reference and inspiration for continuing to deepen the energy revolution and promote higher quality economic development in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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When Is the Structural Hole Conducive to Firms' Innovation?—A Comparative Study of Coopetition Network and Non-coopetition Network Zhang Na, Xu Min, Bi Yanran, Gao Wenyue, Xu Lili Management Review    2025, 37 (4): 128-141.   Abstract （205）      PDF （1326KB）（129）       Knowledge map    Based on social network theory, competitive theory and industrial technology life cycle model, this paper constructs a research framework to test the impact of the location of structural holes in coopetitive network and non-coopetitive network on innovation performance under different industrial technology life cycles. The results show that when the development of industrial technology is in the growth stage, the enterprise innovation is promoted by the structural hole position in both the coopetitive network and the non-coopetitive network. When the development of industrial technology enters the mature stage, the position of the structural hole in the coopetitive network has no effect on the innovation of enterprises, but it can promote enterprises with high knowledge stock. The position of the hole in the non-coopetitive network inhibits the innovation of enterprises. Based on the above findings, enterprises need to take corresponding countermeasures according to the different stages of the industrial technology life cycle to optimize the coopetitive network and non-coopetitive network structure, so as to improve their technological innovation ability. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and Perspectives in Inclusive Leadership: Based on Bibliometric Methods Li Yeye, Tang Ningyu Management Review    2025, 37 (2): 199-213.   Abstract （203）      PDF （21806KB）（101）       Knowledge map    Inclusive leadership is a leadership style that promotes and harnesses the power of diversity. In the context of employee diversity, inclusive leadership has attracted extensive attention from both researchers and practitioners as an emerging leadership style that maximizes the benefits of diversity. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the knowledge base and research themes in inclusive leadership research, both domestically and internationally. Leveraging a sample of 330 inclusive leadership articles and 12,210 references from the Web of Science and China Knowledge Network (CNKI) databases, we employ bibliometric methods to explore annual trend, co-author analysis, geographical distribution, publication, co-citation analysis, keyword co-occurrence, and cluster analysis. The evolution of inclusive leadership research is visualized through keyword co-occurrence time zone map to compare the trajectory and trend over time (2006 to 2021) and the differences between those published in Chinese Journals and in overseas journals. Practical implications and future directions for inclusive leadership studies are discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Industry-University-Research Cooperation, Internal R&D and Enterprise Breakthrough Innovation: From the Perspective of Knowledge-based Theory Liu Feiran, Li Shijie Management Review    2025, 37 (3): 101-110.   Abstract （203）      PDF （1212KB）（174）       Knowledge map    Based on the knowledge-based theory, this paper discusses the mechanism of how industry-university-research cooperation (IURC) and internal R&D (IRD) influence the breakthrough innovation of enterprises, and focuses on the internal and external integration mechanism in breakthrough innovation. The results show that: First of all, both IURC and IRD have an inverted U-shaped influence on breakthrough innovation, the underlying mechanism lies in their nonlinear influence on the firm’s knowledge base and the mediating effect of the knowledge base. Secondly, enterprises suffer from “NIH syndrome” in IURC, as plenty of IRD reduces the persistence and peak value of the positive effect of IURC. The internal mechanism is that IURC can improve the breadth of knowledge, while IRD will narrow the knowledge of enterprises, as a result of which, IRD makes IURC less able to promote the breadth of knowledge base. Based on the sample of China’s listed companies and patents’ information, this paper provides empirical evidence for the theoretical hypotheses, and provides new ideas for enterprises to achieve breakthrough innovation from the perspective of balancing and coordinating internal and external innovation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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How can Leader-Subordinate Critical Thinking Congruence Affect Creative Problem-solving? Chain Mediation and the Intervention Effect of Job Creativity Requirement Tu Xingyong, Zhang Qiao, Dong Yanan, Jiang Jing, Yang Baiyin Management Review    2025, 37 (4): 142-155.   Abstract （196）      PDF （1334KB）（162）       Knowledge map    Critical thinking is a basic dimension of the cognitive spectrum and is considered to be the most recognizable label for improving the creative output of subordinates. However, previous studies have ignored the differential effects and internal mechanisms of different combinations of “leader-subordinate” critical thinking on subordinates’ creative problem-solving. In order to gain a lasting competitive advantage in this “innovation-driven” context, we need to re-understand critical thinking and the constructive role it generates. Because critical thinking is not isolated from the field of Chinese organization and management. On the contrary, it provides certain annotations for individual behavior. In this sense, taking its essence, insight and glow the influence of critical thinking on individual behavior is different from the past, which has certain theoretical value and practical enlightenment. In order to remedy these deficiencies and fully reveal the different demands driven by cross-linking of thought, this paper takes the cognitive consistency theory as the upper theory by introducing the perspective of leader-subordinate matching, establishes a chain mediation model in which exploration behavior and resource acquisition act on subordinates’ creative problem-solving through subordinates’ critical thinking and leaders’ critical thinking, and describes in detail the moderating role of creative work requirements in this model. Based on the job demand-resource theory, this paper reveals the conditional intervention mechanism of creative work requirements in the process of improving creative problem-solving, responds to the situational differences generated by creative results, and provides further empirical support for high-quality improvement of creative problem-solving and accumulates local evidence. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis techniques are applied, a multi-source time lag is designed to reduce common method bias, by analyzing 269 leaders and employees paired data at two time points. It is found that: the higher the consistency between the leader’s critical thinking and the subordinate’s critical thinking, the higher the subordinate’s exploratory behavior. Compared with the situation of “high leader critical thinking and low subordinate critical thinking”, the exploration behavior of subordinates is not significantly increased in the case of “low leader critical thinking and high subordinate critical thinking”. The consistency of critical thinking between leaders and subordinates influences creative problem-solving through the chain mediation of exploration behavior and resource acquisition. Job creativity requirement plays a moderating role in the relationship between resource acquisition and creative problem-solving, and further, it has a conditional effect on the consistency of critical thinking between leaders and subordinates through the chain mediation of exploration behavior and resource acquisition. This paper explores and details the potential mechanism of how different combinations of leader-subordinate critical thinking influence creative problem-solving, provides more explanation paths for the intertwine drive of leadership and subordinates, and provides inspiration for the innovative competition of employee exploration behavior and creative problem-solving. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics