管理评论

›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 119-131.

• 技术与创新管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

新企业网络导向如何影响其创业导向

芮正云1, 罗瑾琏2, 甘静娴3   

  1. 1. 南京审计大学政府审计学院, 南京 211815;
    2. 同济大学经济与管理学院, 上海 200092;
    3. 南京理工大学知识产权学院, 南京 210094
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-17 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2020-01-19
  • 作者简介:芮正云,南京审计大学政府审计学院讲师;罗瑾琏,同济大学经济与管理学院教授,博士生导师;甘静娴,南京理工大学知识产权学院博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（71772138；71472137）。

How does New Ventures' Network Orientation Affect Their Entrepreneurial Orientation?

Rui Zhengyun1, Luo Jinlian2, Gan Jingxian3   

  1. 1. School of Government Audit, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 211815;
    2. School of Economic and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092;
    3. Schoolof Intellectual Property, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094
  • Received:2017-04-17 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2020-01-19

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摘要：

作为战略管理与创业管理的交叉领域，创业导向研究日益成为学界关注的热点，而受到"新生弱性"困扰的新创企业往往缺乏必要的资源基础和实力，尤其在中国经济转型背景下，如何通过外部关系网络来增强创业导向成为新企业面临的关键难题。结合社会网络理论与组织学习理论，对网络导向影响创业导向的内在过程进行剖析，发现网络嵌入机制和创业学习机制是影响新企业网络导向与创业导向关系的两种主要机制。运用多层次回归分析的方法实证研究新企业网络导向影响其创业导向的影响机理，结果显示：（1）网络导向与创业导向之间呈倒U型关系；（2）新企业的网络嵌入与创业学习在"网络导向-创业导向"主效应中能起到正向调节作用，不过其中的利用性创业学习调节作用不显著；（3）网络嵌入与创业学习之间存在一定的匹配互补性，其中关系嵌入与利用性学习、结构嵌入与探索性学习具有显著的协同调节效应。本文研究深化了网络与学习双重视角下的创业导向前因理论研究，研究结论有助于新企业把握网络导向影响创业导向的内在规律，从而指导新企业对网络嵌入与创业学习行为进行科学规划。

关键词: 网络导向, 创业导向, 新企业, 网络嵌入, 创业学习

Abstract:

For new ventures, enhancing entrepreneurial orientation by the help of external networks becomes one of the keychallenges, as start-ups often lack necessary fundamental resources and competence due to their newborn weakness, especially in the background of China's economic transition. Combined with social network theory and organizational learning theory, this paper analyzes the influence of network orientation on entrepreneurial orientation through the dual mechanisms of network embeddedness and entrepreneurial learning. Then we use the method of multiple regression analysis and statistical software of SPSS to test our hypotheses. Results show that, first, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between new ventures' network orientation and entrepreneurial orientation. Second, new ven-tures' network embeddedness and entrepreneurial learning play positive moderating roles in the link between network orientation and en-trepreneurial orientation, but the moderating effect of exploitive entrepreneurial learning is not significant. Third, complementarity effect exists between network embeddedness and entrepreneurial learning. Specifically, there is a significant synergistic effect between relational embeddedness and exploitive learning, as well as the interaction between structural embeddedness and exploratory learning. This paper helps guide new ventures' entrepreneurial orientation by underscoring their network embeddedness and entrepreneurial learning.

Key words: network orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, new ventures, network embeddedness, entrepreneurial learning