Regulatory-focused Leadership: Construct Development and Testing

Abstract

Abstract:

Leaders should be a key source of regulatory focus guidance for employees. Yet, little empirical research focuses on a regulatory focus dimension of leadership. We propose an integrated perspective for understanding regulatory-focused leadership and offer a constitutive definition of the regulatory-focused leadership construct. In a series of interlocking studies, we investigate the viability and importance of this construct. We develop and test a new instrument to measure regulatory-focused leadership, examine the proposed connections of regulatory-focused leadership with other constructs in a nomological network, and demonstrate its predictive validity for important employee outcomes.

Key words: leadership, regulatory focus, construct development

Shang Yufan, Li Lei. Regulatory-focused Leadership: Construct Development and Testing[J]. , 2015, 27(8): 102-116.

References

[1] Higgins E. T. Beyond Pleasure and Pain[J]. The American Psychologist, 1997,52(12):1280-1300
[2] Crowe E., Higgins E. T. Regulatory Focus and Strategic Inclinations: Promotion and Prevention inDecision-making[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1997,69(2):117-132
[3] Friedman R. S., Forster J. The Effects of Promotion and Prevention Cues on Creativity[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2001,81(6):1001-1013
[4] Dewett T., Denisi A. S. What Motivates Organizational Citizenship Behaviours? Exploring the Role of Regulatory Focus Theory[J]. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 2007,16(3):241-260
[5] Markovits Y., Ullrich J., Van-Dick R., et al. Regulatory Foci and Organizational Commitment[J]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2008,73(3):485-489
[6] Neubert M. J., Kacmar K. M., Carlson D. S., et al. Regulatory Focus as a Mediator of the Influence of Initiating Structure and Servant Leadership on Employee Behavior[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2008,93(6):1220-1233
[7] Brockner J., Higgins E. T. Regulatory Focus Theory: Implications for the Study of Emotions at Work[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2001,86(1):35-66
[8] Kark R., Shamir B., Chen G. The Two Faces of Transformational Leadership: Empowerment and Dependency[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2003,88(2):246-254
[9] 李磊,尚玉钒,席酉民.基于调节焦点理论的领导对下属影响机制研究[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2010,32(7):49-56
[10] Wu C., McMullen J. S., Neubert M. J., et al. The Influence of Leader Regulatory Focus on Employee Creativity[J]. Journal of Business Venturing, 2008,23(5):587-602
[11] Li L., Shang Y. F., Li G. Q., et al. Leader Role Modeling, Job Complexity, Work Regulatory Focus and Creativity: A Mediated Moderation[C]. Academy of Management, 2013
[12] Li L., Li G. Q., Shang Y. F., et al. When Does Perceived Leader Regulatory-Focused Modeling Lead to Subordinate Creativity? The Moderating Role of Job Complexity[J]. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Article First Published Online: 20 Mar 2015,DOI:10.1080/09585192.2015.1021826
[13] 李磊,尚玉钒,席酉民.领导语言框架、下属特质调节焦点与下属工作态度[J]. 管理科学, 2011,24(1):21-30
[14] 李磊,尚玉钒,席酉民.基于调节焦点理论的领导语言框架对下属创造力的影响研究[J]. 科研管理, 2012,33(1):127-137
[15] 李磊,尚玉钒,席酉民,等.领导反馈效价、反馈风格及下属调节焦点: 对下属创造力交互式影响的探讨[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2012,33(5):150-159
[16] 李磊,席酉民,尚玉钒,等.基于调节焦点理论的领导反馈对下属创造力影响分析[J]. 系统工程理论与实践, 2013,33(9):2280-2291
[17] Gardner W. L., Avolio B. J. The Charismatic Relationship: A Dramaturgical Perspective[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1998,23(1):32-58
[18] Emrich C. G., Brower H. H., Feldman J. M., et al. Images in Words: Presidential Rhetoric, Charisma, and Greatness[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 2001,46(3):527-557
[19] Kark S. R.,Van-Dijk D. Motivation to Lead, Motivation to Follow: The Role of the Self-regulatory Focus in Leadership Processes [J]. Academy of Management Review, 2007,32(2):500-528
[20] Benjamin L., Flynn F. J. Leadership Style and Regulatory Mode: Value from Fit?[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2006,100(2):216-230
[21] Moss S. Cultivating the Regulatory Focus of Followers to Amplify Their Sensitivity to Transformational Leadership[J]. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 2009,15(3):241-259
[22] Whitford T., Moss S. A. Transformational Leadership in Distributed Work Groups: The Moderating Role of Follower Regulatory Focus and Goal Orientation[J]. Communication Research, 2009,36(6):810-837
[23] 史青.个体调节焦点对领导行为有效性调节效应的实证研究[J]. 西南大学学报(社会科学版), 2011,37(3):117-121
[24] Stam D., van Knippenberg D., Wisse B. Focusing on Followers: The Role of Regulatory Focus and Possible Selves in Visionary Leadership[J]. Leadership Quarterly, 2010,21(3):457-468
[25] 李昌林.领导风格,调节焦点和组织承诺关系研究[D]. 江西师范大学硕士论文, 2009
[26] Hamstra M. R. W., Sassenberg K., Van Yperen N. W., et al. Followers FeelValued-When Leaders' Regulatory Focus Makes Leaders Exhibit Behavior that Fits Followers' Regulatory Focus[J]. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2014,51:34-40
[27] Shi R., Zhang S., Xu H., et al. Regulatory Focus and Burnout in Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Perception of Transformational Leadership[J]. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 2014,19(1,2):93-117
[28] Kotter J. P. What Leaders really Do？[J]. Harvard Business Review, 2001,79(11):85-98
[29] Bass B. M., Avolio B. J. Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership[M]. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage, 1994
[30] Hinkin T. R. A Brief Tutorial on the Development of Measures for Use in Survey Questionnaires[J]. Organizational Research Methods, 1998,1(1):104-121
[31] 白云涛,席酉民.多层级领导视角下员工对领导信任维度再剖析及量表验证[J]. 管理评论, 2008,20(2):33-39
[32] 汪纯孝,凌茜,张秀娟.我国企业公仆型领导量表的设计与检验[J]. 南开管理评论, 2009,12(3):94-103,116
[33] Brown M. E., Trevino L. K., Harrison D. A. Ethical Leadership: A Social Learning Perspective for Construct Development and Testing[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2005,97(2):117-134
[34] 张红琪,鲁若愚,蒋洋.服务创新过程中顾客知识管理测量工具研究: 量表的开发及检验——以移动通信服务业为例[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(2):108-114
[35] 侯二秀,陈树文,长青.企业知识员工心理资本维度构建与测量[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(2):115-125
[36] Schriesheim C. A., Powers K. J., Scandura T. A., et al. Improving Construct Measurement in Management Research: Comments and a Quantitative Approach for Assessing the Theoretical Content Adequacy ofPaper-and-pencil Survey-type Instruments[J]. Journal of Management, 1993,19(2):385-417
[37] Ford J. K., MacCallum R. C., Tait M. The Application of Exploratory Factor Analysis in Applied Psychology: A Critical Review and Analysis[J]. Personnel Psychology, 1986,39(2):291-314
[38] Hair J. F., Black W. C., Babin B. J., et al. Multivariate Data Analysis[M]. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, 2010
[39] 刘军.管理研究方法: 原理与应用[M]. 北京: 中国人民大学出版社, 2008
[40] Fornell C., Larcker D. F. Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1981,18(1):39-50
[41] Schriesheim C. A., Cogliser C. C., Scandura T. A., et al. An Empirical Comparison of Approaches for Quantitatively Assessing the Content Adequacy ofPaper-and-pencil Measurement Instruments[J]. Organizational Research Methods, 1999,2(2):140-156
[42] Avolio B. J., Bass B. M., Jung D. I. Re-examining the Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Using the Multifactor Leadership[J]. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 1999,72(4):441-462
[43] 孟慧.变革型领导风格的实证研究[J]. 应用心理学, 2004,10(2):18-22
[44] 孙建国,田宝.变革型领导及其对创新文化的影响[J]. 管理评论, 2006,18(5):15-22,63
[45] 丁琳,席酉民,白云涛.领导行为对员工创新能力支持的作用研究——基于西安一高新企业的实证研究[J]. 管理评论, 2009,21(4):83-89
[46] 王兢岩.基于调节焦点理论的反馈效果作用机制研究[D]. 华中科技大学硕士论文, 2010
[47] Vaughn L. A., Baumann J., Klemann C. Openness to Experience and Regulatory Focus: Evidence of Motivation from Fit[J]. Journal of Research in Personality, 2008,42(4):886-894
[48] Rietzschel E. F. Collective Regulatory Focus Predicts Specific Aspects of Team Innovation[J]. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 2011,14(3):337-345
[49] Roundy P. T. Can Stories Breed Commitment? The Influence of Mergers and Acquisitions Narratives on Employees Regulatory Focus[J]. Journal of Behavioral & Applied Management, 2010,12(1):88-102
[50] Johnson R. E., Yang L. Q. Commitment and Motivation at Work: The Relevance of Employee Identity and Regulatory Focus[J]. Academy of Management Review, 2010,35(2):226-245
[51] Johnson P. D., Shull A., Wallace J. C. Regulatory Focus as a Mediator in Goal Orientation and Performance Relationships[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2011,32(5):751-766