基础教育资源配置对家庭人力资本投入的影响——基于CFPS的实证分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文基于中国家庭追踪调查数据库（CFPS），运用固定效应模型和Tobit模型，实证探析了基础教育资源配置可获性和优质性对家庭人力资本投入的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明，教育可获性具有“择善而从”和“望子成龙”效应，显著提高了家庭对子女的学业期望，并通过增强区域内的竞争压力进一步促进了人力资本投入；教育优质性则通过提升子女的学业表现，激励家庭加大教育投入，表现为“名师高徒”效应。这些效应因教育资源配置均衡性、家庭收入和地区数字化水平差异而产生异质性。因此，建议进一步优化教育资源配置，形成家庭与社会合力的良性循环，促进人力资本量与质的提升。

关键词: 基础教育, 教育可获性, 教育优质性, 人力资本投入, 家庭教育

Abstract: This study uses the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database and employs fixed effects and Tobit models to examine how the accessibility and quality of basic education resources affect household human capital investment. The findings indicate that better access to educational resources has the effect of “choosing the good to follow” and “looking forward to the success of children”, which significantly raises families’ academic expectations for their children, thereby enhancing human capital investment through increased regional competitive pressure. In contrast, improvements in educational quality encourage families to invest more by boosting children’s academic performance, which is manifested as the effect of “famous teachers and high apprentices”. These effects vary according to factors such as resource allocation equity, levels of digitalization, and household income. Therefore, optimizing the allocation of educational resources is essential to fostering a virtuous cycle between households and society, and ultimately improving both the quantity and quality of human capital in the country.

Key words: basic education, educational accessibility, educational quality, human capital investment, family education

熊永昌, 庚辰, 王栋, 李秀婷, 黄玺蓉. 基础教育资源配置对家庭人力资本投入的影响——基于CFPS的实证分析[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(9): 183-194.

Xiong Yongchang, Geng Chen, Wang Dong, Li Xiuting, Huang Xirong. The Impact of Basic Education Resource Allocation on Household Human Capital Investment -An Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(9): 183-194.

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