营商环境生态如何驱动城市经济韧性提升？——基于复杂系统观的组态分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提高城市经济韧性，有助于高效应对多维度、多类型风险所带来的外部冲击，实现高质量发展。如何优化营商环境驱动城市经济韧性的提升是政府制定政策的关键，也是管理研究中需要回答的重要问题。本文构建了“抗风险过程-产业结构状态”二维体系，结合NCA和fsQCA方法对245个城市样本进行组态分析，解释了营商环境生态驱动城市经济韧性提升的复杂机制。研究表明：①营商环境各单一要素并不构成提升城市经济韧性的必要条件，但是提升公共服务、人力资源和金融服务水平在提升城市经济韧性上发挥着较为重要的作用。②营商环境各要素“多重并发”，得到高城市经济韧性的多样化组态，即通过营商环境要素的组合优化效应或替代效应提升城市经济韧性水平。高城市经济韧性的4种营商环境生态体现了实现高城市经济韧性的多元化路径。③良好的营商环境生态能够驱动产业结构升级，进而提升城市经济韧性。研究发现对中国城市优化营商环境，应对外部风险冲击，塑造高经济韧性提供了重要启示。

关键词: 营商环境, 城市经济韧性, 交易成本理论, 模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）, 组态分析

Abstract: Improving the urban economic resilience can help cities more effectively respond to external shocks caused by multi-dimensional and multi-type risks, and thus achieve high-quality development. Finding out how to optimize business environment to drive urban economic resilience is the key for government policy development, and also an important issue in management research. In this paper, we construct a two-dimensional construction of “risk-resistant process - industrial structure state”, and conduct a configuration analysis based on 245 cities by NCA and fsQCA methods to explain how business environment drives urban economic resilience. The study shows that: (1) single factors of business environment do not constitute the necessary condition for generating high urban economic resilience, but improving the level of public services, human resources and financial services plays an important role in generating high urban economic resilience; (2) “multiple concurrencies” of business environment factors generate diverse configurations of high urban economic resilience. To be specific, urban economic resilience is driven through the optimization or substitution of business factors. The 4 types of business environment show that there are multiple paths to generate high urban economic resilience; (3) a favorable business environment can drive industrial structure upgrading and thus drive urban economic resilience. The findings can provide important insights for Chinese cities to optimize their business environment, cope with external shocks, and shape high economic resilience.

Key words: business environment, urban economic resilience, transaction cost theory, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), configuration analysis

赵云辉, 梁宇奇, 冯泰文, 杜运周. 营商环境生态如何驱动城市经济韧性提升？——基于复杂系统观的组态分析[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(2): 57-71.

Zhao Yunhui, Liang Yuqi, Feng Taiwen, Du Yunzhou. How does Business Ecosystem Drive Urban Economic Resilience:A Configuration Analysis Based on Complex Systems View[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(2): 57-71.

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