Comparison of Economic Benefits and Environment Burden of High-tech Exports in China and U.S.:A Global Value Chain Perspective

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on a set of World Input-Output Tables (WIOT) in 1995 and 2008, this paper empirically measures the value added and the carbon emission embodied in the exports of electronic information goods of China and the United Stated. It is found that in the past decades, developed countries such as the United States relocated the production of "low value added and high carbon emission" raw materials into developing countries such as China, whereas reserved the production of "high value added and low carbon emission" high-end electronic components in their own countries. Through the relocations, developed countries take most of the value added in interna-tional trade of electronic goods while developing countries are responsible for most of the corresponding carbon emissions. From the aspect of global value chain, China may still remain at the low level of global value chain for electronic goods by involving the labor-intensive activities, although its scale and output has already reached the top of the world. So China still needs to take effective measures to speed up the adjustment of production structure and promote the optimization and upgrading of electronic information industry.

Key words: global value chain, electronic information industry, embodied carbon emissions, world input-output tables

Jiang Xuemei, Liu Yifang. Comparison of Economic Benefits and Environment Burden of High-tech Exports in China and U.S.:A Global Value Chain Perspective[J]. , 2018, 30(5): 58-63.

References

[1] Linden G., Dedrick J., Kraemer K. L. Innovation and Job Creation in A Global Economy:The Case of Apple's Ipod[R]. Person-al Computing Industry Center, UC Irvine, 2009
[2] Dedrick J., Kraemer K. L., Linden G. Who Profits from Innovation in Global Value Chains:A Study of the Ipod and Notebook Pcs[J]. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2010,19(1):81-116
[3] Ahmad N., Wyckoff A. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Embodied in International Trade of Goods[R]. OECD Science, Technology and Industry, 2003
[4] Kaplinsky R. Globalisation and Unequalisation:What Can Be Learned from Value Chain Analysis?[J]. Journal of Development Studies, 2000,37(2):117-146
[5] Yan Y., Yang L. China's Foreign Trade and Climate Change:A Case Study of CO₂ Emissions[J]. Energy Policy, 2010,38(1):350-356
[6] Peters G. P., Hertwich E. G. CO₂ Embodied in International Trade with Implications for Global Climate Policy[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2008,42(5):1401-1407
[7] 姚愉芳,齐舒畅,刘琪. 中国进出口贸易与经济、就业、能源关系及对策研究[J]. 数量经济技术经济研究, 2008,25(10):56-65
[8] Baldone S., Sdogati F., Tajoli L. On Some Effects of International Fragmentation of Production on Comparative Advantages, Trade Flows and the Income of Countries[J]. The World Economy, 2007,30(11):1726-1769
[9] Feenstra R. Integration of Trade and Disintegration of Production in the Global Economy[J]. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1998,12(4):31-50
[10] Feenstra R., Hanson G. Globalization, Outsourcing and Wage Inequality[J]. American Economic Review, 1996,86(2):240-245
[11] Gereffi G. International Trade and Industrial Upgrading in the Apparel Commodity Chain[J]. Journal of International Economics, 1999,48(1):37-70
[12] Hummels D., Ishii J., Yi K. M. The Nature and Growth of Vertical Specialization in World Trade[J]. Journal of International E-conomics, 2001,54(1):75-96
[13] Arkolakis C., Ramanarayanan A. Vertical Specialization and International Business Cycle Synchronization[J]. Scandinavian Jour-nal of Economics, 2009,111(4):655-680
[14] Antràs P., Helpman E. Global Sourcing[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 2004,112(3):552-580
[15] Timmer M. P., Erumbana A. A., Los B., et al. New Measures of European Competitiveness:A Global Value Chain Perspective[R]. WIOD Working Paper No. 9, 2012
[16] 谢廷宇,刘德学. 产品内贸易测度方法最新研究评述[J]. 商业时代, 2011,30(8):44-46
[17] Koopman R., Powers W., Wang Z., et al. Give Credit Where Credit Is Due:Tracing Value Added in Global Production Chains[R]. NBER Working Paper 16426, 2009
[18] Peters G. P., Minx J., Weber C. L., et al. Growth in Emission Transfers Via International Trade from 1990 to 2008[J]. Proceed-ings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011,108(21):8903-8908
[19] Boitier B. CO₂ Emissions Production-Based Accounting vs Consumption, Insights from the WIOD Databases[R]. Final WIOD Conference:Causes and Consequences of Globalization, Groningen, the Netherlands,2012
[20] 曹路松. 我国电子信息产品出口竞争力分析[J]. 中国商界, 2008,(7):174-174
[21] 卢明华,李国平. 全球电子信息产业价值链及对我国的启示[J]. 北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2004,41(4):63-69
[22] 汪瑾. 承接产业转移促进信息产业发展的国际经验借鉴[J]. 商业时代, 2001,20(19):105-106
[23] 王建平,汤文仙. 全球价值链下的我国电子信息产业升级研究[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2006,6(3):132-137
[24] 阎兆万. 电子信息产业环保发展战略研究[J]. 现代企业教育:卓越管理, 2007,24(7):71-74
[25] Jiang X., Liu Y., Zu L., et al. Evaluating the Role of International Trade in the Growth of China's CO₂ Emission[J]. Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, 2015,28(4):907-924
[26] 闫俊娜,赵涛,张欣. 基于Ghosh投入-产出模型的敏感性分析——以中国高耗能行业为例[J]. 管理评论, 2015,27(3):39-48
[27] Timmer M. P., Dietzenbacher E., Los B., et al. An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database:The Case of Global Automotive Production[J]. Review of International Economics, 2015,23(3):575-605