Enhancement or Substitution? Analyzing the Coupling Mechanism between Technology and Social Structure in the Effectiveness of Digital HRM Implementation

Abstract

Abstract: Drawing on adaptive structuration theory and sociotechnical theory, this study examines the relationship between HRM digitalization and the effectiveness of HRM implementation, focusing on the moderating factors that influence this relationship. By considering HRM socialization and HRM system maturity as contextual factors, the research develops a “technology-relationship-institution” framework and constructs a three-way interaction model. Based on data from a paired survey of HR professionals and line managers (N=201) and a two-wave survey of line managers (N=308), the research concludes that HRM digitalization enhances departmental HR effectiveness by improving internal service quality. Furthermore, a three-way interaction is identified among HRM digitalization, HRM socialization, and HRM system maturity, affecting both internal service quality and the indirect impact of HRM digitalization on HR effectiveness. This study highlights the critical factors and coupling mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of digital HRM implementation, providing practical guidance for bridging the gap between digital aspirations and implementation challenges.

Key words: human resource management digitalization, human resource management socialization, human resource management system maturity, adaptive structuration theory

Hu Jieyu, Jiang Jianwu, Cheng Dejun. Enhancement or Substitution? Analyzing the Coupling Mechanism between Technology and Social Structure in the Effectiveness of Digital HRM Implementation[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(9): 156-168.

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