High-speed Rail Opening and Manufacturing Employment Structure

Abstract

Abstract: As the demographic dividend fades, ensuring full and high-quality employment emerges as a pressing concern. This paper investigates the interplay between high-speed rail (HSR) and the employment structure of manufacturing industry. First, we construct a multi-regional spatial economic model encompassing transport and factor costs. Then we divide manufacturing industry into labor-intensive, capital-intensive and technology-intensive types to assess HSR’s impact using data of Chinese industrial companies from 2005 to 2013. The findings are as follows. (1) The opening of HSR plays a significant inhibitory role, a promoting role and an insignificant role on the employment respectively in labor-intensive industry, capital-intensive industry and technology-intensive industry. (2) Our exploration of underlying mechanisms suggests the factor cost channel solely impacts labor-intensive industry, whereas capital deepening channel primarily elevates capital-intensive employment. (3) Heterogeneity research displays that financial development and government intervention mainly affect labor and capital intensive industries, while regional innovation level and the agglomeration of productive service industry influence technology intensive industries.

Key words: high-speed rail, employment structure, factor cost, capital deepening

Liu Zhidong, Li Qin, Jing Zhongbo, He Xiaoqi. High-speed Rail Opening and Manufacturing Employment Structure[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(6): 15-26.

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