家族企业创二代企业家身份发展过程与机理研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为应对继承与创新的双重压力、达成维护家族情感与企业绩效的双重目标，家族企业二代接班人需发展“向内行动”的能力，即形成既承诺于家族事业又勇于创新发展的创二代企业家身份。本文以二代进入企业为起点，基于多案例研究探讨其身份发展的过程与机理，发现：二代出于自我强化、关系维护的初始身份动机接受“接班人身份”，而后经历身份维持、身份验证、身份整合的三阶段过程，最终承诺于“创二代企业家身份”；该过程由父辈的赋权行为触发，在父辈匹配不同发展阶段的专业赋能和情感赋能行为下发展，在父辈的身份让渡和二代的创新作为下得以完成；父辈行为推动二代身份发展的内在机制是个体对身份同一性和一致性的追求，以及代际双方基于情感连接的目标一致性。本研究基于家族企业独特情境丰富了身份理论，深化了以“向内行动”为导向的接班人成长研究，亦为家族企业传承实践提供了系统的理论依据。

关键词: 创二代企业家, 家族企业接班人, 身份发展, 代际传承

Abstract: To address the dual pressures of inheritance and innovation while achieving the dual objectives of preserving family bonds and enhancing corporate performance, second-generation successors in family businesses must develop the capacity for “inward action”, that is, forging an entrepreneurial identity that commits to the family enterprise while embracing innovation and development. This paper examines the identity development process and mechanisms of second-generation successors, starting from their entry into the family business and drawing on multiple case studies. Findings reveal that successors initially accept the “successor identity” driven by foundational motivations of self-reinforcement and relationship maintenance. They then undergo a three-stage process (identity maintenance, identity validation, and identity integration), ultimately committing to the “entrepreneurial identity of the second generation.” This process is triggered by parental empowerment behaviors, develops through parents providing specialized and emotional empowerment tailored to different developmental stages, and is completed through parental identity transfer and the second generation’s innovative actions. The underlying mechanism driving parental behaviors in second-generation identity development is the individual’s pursuit of identity unity and consistency, coupled with goal alignment between generations based on emotional connection. This study enriches identity theory within the unique context of family enterprises, deepens research on successor development guided by “inward action,” and provides a systematic theoretical foundation for succession practices in family businesses.

Key words: second-generation entrepreneur, family business successor, identity development, inter-generational inheritance

奚菁, 袁雪晨, 苏芳, 吴小节, 蔡佳霓. 家族企业创二代企业家身份发展过程与机理研究[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(9): 276-288.

Xi Jing, Yuan Xuechen, Su Fang, Wu Xiaojie, Cai Jiani. A Study on the Process and Mechanism of How the Second-generation Family Business Successor Entrepreneurs' Identity Develops[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(9): 276-288.

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