大数据时代的绿色发展：大数据综合试验区与企业绿色转型

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 数字化引领绿色发展是推动我国生态文明建设的必由之路。本文以大数据综合试验区设立为准自然实验,基于2010-2022年中国上市公司数据,从环境绩效、经济绩效及绿色创新三个角度实证考察了大数据试验区设立对企业绿色转型的影响效应。研究发现,大数据综合试验区对企业环境绩效、经济绩效及绿色创新均有正向影响,即能够实现绿色转型。基于外部视角可知,大数据综合试验区通过提升外部关注度、促进地区信息服务业集聚促进企业绿色转型;基于内部视角发现,大数据综合试验区通过增强企业管理能力、优化人力资本结构推动企业绿色转型。异质性分析发现,对环保投资较高的企业和非国有企业,大数据综合试验区对企业绿色转型表现出更强的促进效果。从行业角度看,环境绩效的促进效果主要集中在重污染行业及环境管制行业,对于经济绩效和绿色创新的促进效果则体现在非重污染行业和非环境管制行业。本文不仅揭示了数字经济政策在企业绿色转型中的作用效果,亦为政府把握数字经济发展机遇、推动数字化引领绿色化提供了政策启示。

关键词: 数字政策, 企业, 绿色转型

Abstract: Driving green development through digitalization is the only way to promote the construction of ecological civilization in China. Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2022, this paper uses the establishment of a comprehensive big data pilot zone as a quasi-natural experiment to empirically examine its impact on the green transformation of enterprises from the perspectives of environmental performance, economic performance, and green innovation. It is found that the comprehensive big data pilot zone has a positive impact on enterprises' environmental performance, economic performance and green innovation, thus leading to green transformation. Based on the external perspective, it can be seen that the comprehensive big data pilot zone promotes the green transformation of enterprises by enhancing external attention and promoting the agglomeration of regional information service industries; based on the internal perspective, it is found that the big data comprehensive pilot zone promotes the green transformation of enterprises by enhancing their management capabilities and optimizing their human capital structure. Heterogeneity analyses reveals that for enterprises with higher environmental investment and non-state-owned enterprises, the big data comprehensive pilot zone exhibits a stronger facilitating effect on enterprise green transformation. From an industry perspective, the promoting effect of environmental performance is mainly concentrated in heavily polluting industries and environmentally regulated industries, while the promoting effect for economic performance and green innovation is reflected in non-heavily polluting industries and non-environmentally regulated industries. This paper not only reveals the effect of digital economy policies in the green transformation of enterprises, but also provides policy insights for the government to grasp the opportunities of digital economy development and promote digitalization-driven green transformation.

Key words: digitalalization policy, enterprise, green transformation

李佳, 吴静怡. 大数据时代的绿色发展：大数据综合试验区与企业绿色转型[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(5): 42-55.

Li Jia, Wu Jingyi. Green Development in the Age of Big Data: Comprehensive Big Data Pilot Zones and Green Transformation of Enterprises[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(5): 42-55.

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