基于中国双积分政策的新能源汽车企业技术创新行为分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国政府实施的双积分政策已对汽车产业产生重大影响。为研究与之相关的新能源汽车企业创新行为,依据2009-2019年新能源汽车产业公众企业数据,以专利申请量与研究开发投入作为企业技术创新行为度量的依据,采用基准模型检验双积分政策的具体实施效果。研究结果表明:双积分政策在一定程度上促进了企业研发投入,激发了企业创新,而表现更明显的是非专利发明显著增加,企业对创新数量的追求甚于对创新质量的追求;新能源汽车产业链不同环节在创新方面具有一定异质性,对动力电池、电机电控领域的研发投入强度明显高于整车领域。政策建议:可根据企业创新行为的难度、深度、潜在价值进一步分类细化;对技术含量高的研发项目,特别是新能源汽车产业链上游的动力电池、电机电控领域加大前期支持力度,促进企业实质性创新;对低油耗车型的燃油汽车企业,应要求并鼓励其将对应技术进一步升级以持续降低油耗,在核算新能源汽车积分达标值时,可给予一定优惠等。

关键词: 新能源汽车, 双积分政策, 技术创新, 专利行为

Abstract: The dual-credit policy implemented by the Chinese government has had a significant impact on the new energy vehicle industry. In order to study corporate-related innovation practices of new energy vehicles, the quantities of patent applications and research and development (R&D) investment are used as the measure of enterprise technological innovation practices, based on the 2009-2019 public enterprise data in the new energy vehicle industry. Also, the benchmark model is deployed to test the specific implementation effect of the dual-credit policy. The findings show that the dual-credit policy has promoted corporate R&D investment to a certain extent and stimulated corporate innovation, whereas what is more manifest is that there is a significant increase in non-patentable inventions. Additionally, the pursuit of innovation quantity is greater than that of innovation quality. Various industrial links of industrial chains in new energy vehicles have a certain degree of heterogeneity in innovation, and the intensity of R&D investment in the field of power batteries and electric motor control is significantly higher than that in the field of complete vehicles. In terms of policy recommendations, further refinement can be made according to the difficulty, depth, and potential value of the enterprises' innovative practices. With regard to high-tech R&D projects, especially the upstream power battery and motor electronic control fields of new energy vehicle industrial chains, increased early support is supposed to promote enterprises' substantial innovation. As regards low-fuel-consumption vehicles, the government should request and encourage the fuel vehicle companies to further upgrade the corresponding technology to reduce fuel consumption continuously. Also, certain discounts can be offered when new energy vehicle points are calculated against the standard value.

Key words: new energy vehicles, dual-credit policy, technological innovation, patent activities

饶奕邦, 舒彤. 基于中国双积分政策的新能源汽车企业技术创新行为分析[J]. 管理评论, 2023, 35(7): 74-85,111.

Rao Yibang, Shu Tong. Analysis of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises' Technological Innovation Behavior Based on China's Dual-credit Policy[J]. Management Review, 2023, 35(7): 74-85,111.

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