新兴产业的政府数字治理研究——以新能源汽车国家监测与管理平台为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新兴产业在中国的迅猛发展，不可避免带来治理难题。数字技术广泛和深化的应用，正在改造和提升传统的政府治理模式，为新兴产业的政府数字治理提供了条件。本文以中国新能源汽车产业为背景，以新能源汽车国家监测与管理平台为研究案例，总结提炼新能源汽车国家监测与管理平台在事前预防阶段、事中控制阶段和事后检查阶段起到的主要作用。在此基础上，本文对新兴产业的政府数字治理进行情境识别和机制分析。研究发现：（1）识别了支持型治理理念、有序的治理关系和科学的治理工具构成的政府数字治理有效性的情境框架。受到宏观层面的制度环境、中观层面的组织场域和微观层面的交易安排等外力作用，以及治理理念、治理关系和治理工具之间相互作用内生关系的影响，形成了新兴产业的政府数字治理情境演化模型。（2）情境因素会提升新兴产业政府数字治理的有效性，支持型治理理念促使形成政策体系，实现安全发展，牢牢守住底线|有序的治理关系进一步加强组织保障，实现多方共赢，做到即知即改|科学的治理工具降低信息不对称性，构建全生命周期服务生态。三者共同促成数字治理有效。本文围绕新兴产业的治理问题，分析了政府数字治理有效性的情境因素和作用机制，为新兴产业的政府数字治理提供了一个可供参考的分析框架。

关键词: 新兴产业, 政府数字治理, 敏捷治理, 作用机制

Abstract: With the rapid development of emerging industries in China, a range of new governance problems appear. Digital technology is rapidly and deeply applied to reform and promote the traditional government governance pattern, which facilitates the application of government digital governance in emerging industries. Based on the background of new energy vehicle industry in China, the main functions of the national monitoring and management platform of new energy vehicles are comprehensively demonstrated in this paper in term of preserving, controlling and inspecting in events. Meanwhile, the situation and mechanism of government digital governance in emerging industries are analyzed. The results show that:(1) The situational framework of government digital governance has been constructed, including supportive governance concept, well-organized governance relationship and scientific governance tools. The situation optimization model is also formed under the influence of the exogenous factors, such as the institutional environment at the macro level, the organizational field at the meso level and the transaction arrangement at the micro level, and the endogenous factors, such as governance concept, governance relationship, governance tools and the interrelationships of them. (2) The situation can enhance the effectiveness of government digital governance in emerging industries. The supportive governance concept promotes policy system, holding the bottom line and achieving safe development. The well-organized governance relationship promotes organizational system, gets problems solved as soon as they are found and leads to win-win results for all parties. The scientific governance tools reduces information asymmetry and builds a full life cycle service ecosystem. In summary, this paper analyzes the situation and the mechanism of the effectiveness of government digital governance and provides an analytical framework for the government digital governance in emerging industries.

Key words: emerging industry, government digital governance, agile governance, mechanism

马符讯, 张照生. 新兴产业的政府数字治理研究——以新能源汽车国家监测与管理平台为例[J]. 管理评论, 2021, 33(11): 94-105.

Ma Fuxun, Zhang Zhaosheng. The Government Digital Governance in Emerging Industry——A Case Study of National Monitoring and Management Platform for New Energy Vehicles[J]. Management Review, 2021, 33(11): 94-105.

参考文献

[1] Khaire M. Fashioning an Industry:Socio-cognitive Processes in the Construction of Worth of a New Industry[J]. Organization Studies, 2014,35(1):41-74
[2] Kaplan S., Tripsas M. Thinking about Technology:Applying a Cognitive Lens to Technical Change[J]. Research Policy, 2008,37(5):790-805
[3] Rindova V. P., Petkova A. P. When Is a New Thing a Good Thing?Technological Change, Product Form Design, and Perceptions of Value for Product Innovations[J]. Organization Science, 2007,18(2):217-232
[4] Benner M. J., Tripsas M. The Influence of Prior Industry Affiliation on Framing in Nascent Industries:The Evolution of Digital Cameras[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2012,33(3):277-302
[5] Santos F. M., Eisenhardt K. M. Constructing Markets and Shaping Boundaries:Entrepreneurial Power in Nascent Fields[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2009,52(4):643-671
[6] Demil B., Lecocq X., Ricart J. E., et al. Introduction to the SEJ Special Issue on Business Models:Business Models within the Domain of Strategic Entrepreneurship[J]. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2015,9(1):1-11
[7] Ranchordás S. Does Sharing Mean Caring?Regulating Innovation in the Sharing Economy[J]. Journal of Law Science&Technology, 2015,16(1):413-475
[8] 谢荣辉.绿色技术进步、正外部性与中国环境污染治理[J].管理评论, 2021,33(6):111-121
[9] Paraskevopoulou E. Non-technological Regulatory Effects:Implications for Innovation and Innovation Policy[J]. Research Policy, 2012,41(6):1058-1071
[10] Koopman C., Mitchell M. D., Thierer A. D. The Sharing Economy and Consumer Protection Regulation:The Case for Policy Change[J]. The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship&the Law, 2015,8(2):529-545
[11] 刘佳,刘俊腾."最多跑一次"改革的扩散机制研究——面向中国294个地级市的事件史分析[J].甘肃行政学院学报, 2020,30(4):26-36
[12] 安小米,白献阳,洪学海.政府大数据治理体系构成要素研究——基于贵州省的案例分析[J].电子政务, 2019,18(2):2-16
[13] 夏义堃.试论基层政府数据治理模式的选择:吴中模式的建构与启示[J].电子政务, 2019,18(2):17-26
[14] 匡文波.数字平台如何影响中国对外传播:后疫情时代中国网络媒体全球传播的机遇与挑战[J].西北师大学报(社会科学版), 2021,58(5):5-14
[15] 郑春勇,朱永莉.论政企合作型技术治理及其在重大疫情防控中的应用——基于中国实践的一个框架性研究[J].经济社会体制比较, 2021,37(2):57-66
[16] 史晨,钟灿涛,耿曙.创新导入的接力赛——健康码案例中的初创企业、平台企业和地方政府[J].科学学研究, 2021,39(1):161-169
[17] 包国宪,郎玫.治理、政府治理概念的演变与发展[J].兰州大学学报(社会科学版), 2009,37(2):1-7
[18] 包国宪,霍春龙.中国政府治理研究的回顾与展望[J].南京社会科学, 2011,32(9):62-68
[19] 李飞,乔晗.数字技术驱动的工业品服务商业模式演进研究——以金风科技为例[J].管理评论, 2019,31(8):295-304
[20] 徐晓林,周立新.数字治理在城市政府善治中的体系构建[J].管理世界, 2004,37(11):140-141
[21] Milakovich M. E. Digital Governance:New Technologies for Improving Public Service and Participation[M]. London:Routledge, 2012
[22] 衡容,贾开.数字经济推动政府治理变革:外在挑战、内在原因与制度创新[J].电子政务, 2020,19(6):55-62
[23] 高世楫,廖毅敏.数字时代国家治理现代化和行政体制改革研究[J].行政管理改革, 2018,13(1):4-10
[24] 郑跃平, Hindy L. S.电子政务到数字治理的转型:政治、行政与全球化——评Digital Governance:New Technologies for Improving Public Service and Participation[J].公共行政评论, 2014,7(1):170-177
[25] 葛天任,裴琳娜.高风险社会的智慧社区建设与敏捷治理变革[J].理论与改革, 2020,34(5):85-96
[26] World Economic Forum. White Paper:Agile Governance Reimagining Policy-making in the Fourth Industrial Revolution[R/OL]. https://www.weforum.org/communities/gfc-on-agile-governance,2018
[27] 江小涓.大数据时代的政府管理与服务:提升能力及应对挑战[J].中国行政管理, 2018,37(9):6-11
[28] Halme M., Korpela M. Responsible Innovation Toward Sustainable Development in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises:A Resource Perspective[J]. Business Strategy and the Environment, 2014,23(8):547-566
[29] Stilgoe J., Owen R., Macnaghten P. Developing a Framework for Responsible Innovation[J]. Research Policy, 2013,42(9):1568-1580
[30] 薛澜,赵静.走向敏捷治理:新兴产业发展与监管模式探究[J].中国行政管理, 2019,38(8):28-34
[31] 南晓莉,韩秋.战略性新兴产业政策不确定性对研发投资的影响[J].科学学研究, 2019,37(2):254-266
[32] Emerson K., Nabatchi T., Balogh S. An Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance[J]. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2012,22(1):1-29
[33] 赵志华,吴建南.大气污染协同治理能促进污染物减排吗?——基于城市的三重差分研究[J].管理评论, 2020,32(1):286-297
[34] 边防,吕斌.基于比较视角的美国、英国及日本城市社区治理模式研究[J].国际城市规划, 2018,33(4):93-102
[35] 孟天广,赵娟.大数据驱动的智能化社会治理:理论建构与治理体系[J].电子政务, 2018,17(8):1-11
[36] 戚学祥.区块链技术在政府数据治理中的应用:优势、挑战与对策[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2018,20(5):105-111
[37] Gehman J., Glaser V. L., Eisenhardt K. M., et al. Finding Theory-Method Fit:A Comparison of Three Qualitative Approaches to Theory Building[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing, 2017,27(3):284-300
[38] Yin R. K. Case Study Research:Design and Method[M]. Newbury Park, CA:Sage Publications, 2013
[39] Yin R. K. Case Study:Design and Method[M]. Newbury Park, CA:Sage Publications, 1994
[40] 苏敬勤,张雁鸣,林菁菁.新兴国家企业选择专业化战略的情境识别及机制探讨——基于深圳企业的多案例研究[J].管理评论, 2020,32(1):309-323
[41] Pratt M. G. Fitting Oval Pegs Into Round Holes[J]. Organizational Research Methods, 2008,11(3):481-509
[42] Corley K. G., Gioia D. A. Identity Ambiguity and Change in the Wake of a Corporate Spin-Off[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 2004,49(2):173-208
[43] 欧阳日辉,刘健.数字经济治理是国家治理体系重要内容[J].国家治理, 2017,8(2):14-20
[44] Rhodes R. Review of The Tools of Government:A Guide to the New Governance Edited by Lester Salamon[J]. Public Administration, 2005,83(1):247-248