战略联盟协同演化机理与效应——基于生物进化隐喻的多理论诠释

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示战略联盟协同演化的机理和效应，采用二分法观点，将生物进化理论的新达尔文主义和拉马克主义彼此嵌入并进行管理学隐喻。基于单元选择、情境过程和种群结构的论证逻辑诠释战略联盟的协同演化机理，分别探讨自然选择机制主导和演化单元主导的协同演化效应。研究结果表明：战略联盟的协同演化同时平行或交叉发生在个体、双元和群体单元间，不同层级演化单元间的交互与连接构成了战略联盟的供应链关系和竞合关系；源于契约情境和非契约情境的共存及综合作用，协同演化路径存在突变特征，破缺形态由战略联盟间的社会关系强度决定，联盟整体能够在无外力作用下自发协同演化至新的稳定态；供应商在协同演化的交叉型供需结构中决定演化平衡，占据结构洞的核心企业在协同演化的多边联结无边界网络结构中更为关键，协同演化过程中联盟企业具有较高的一体化程度；纯粹适应性的产生主要是新达尔文主义演化，具有不确定性、随机性和不可控性。对应地，适应性的复制与变革具有更多的拉马克主义特征，带有获得性遗传、主体能动性和可预测性；协同演化的方向受到环境的影响，演化动力源自联盟企业间的学习，协同演化结果能够改变环境。

关键词: 战略联盟, 协同演化, 生物进化, 机理, 效应

Abstract:

In order to reveal the mechanisms and effects of co-evolution in strategic alliance, this study uses the dichotomy view to combine Neo-Darwinism and Lamarckism from biological evolution theory and makes metaphor. Based on element selection, scenario process and population structure, co-evolutionary mechanisms of strategic alliance are interpreted, and both natural-selection-mechanism-driven and evolutionary-element-driven co-evolutionary effects are discussed. Results of research show that, co-evolution of strategic alliance occurs in parallel or crossover among individuals, dual elements and colonial elements, so that relationships such as supply chain and competition and collaboration in strategic alliance are constructed by the interaction and connection from elements of different levels. Stemmed from coexistence and synthesis role in contract as well as non-contract situation, there is mutation in the co-evolutionary path, and breaking is decided by social relation intensity in strategic alliance, so that the whole alliance can spontaneously co-evolve to a new stable state without external forces. Supplier will determine the evolutionary equilibrium in the cross-over supply-demand structure. Focal firms that occupy the structure hole are more important in the borderless network structure with multi-connection of co-evolution, and firms in alliance have higher integration level in the co-evolution process. The occurrence of adaptation is the evolution of Neo-Darwinism, which is uncertain, random and uncontrollable. Correspondingly, the copy and revolution of adaptation is more Lamarckian and has the characteristics of inherited acquisitions, subjective initiative and predictability. The direction of co-evolution is affected by the environment and the driving force of evolution lies in the learning process among firms in the alliance, and the co-evolutionary result can change the environment.

Key words: strategic alliance, co-evolution, biological evolution, mechanism, effect

赵健宇, 王铁男. 战略联盟协同演化机理与效应——基于生物进化隐喻的多理论诠释[J]. , 2018, 30(8): 194-207.

Zhao Jianyu, Wang Tienan. Mechanisms and Effects of Co-evolution in Strategic Alliance: Multi-theory Interpretation Based on Biological Evolution's Metaphor[J]. , 2018, 30(8): 194-207.

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