制度供给对专精特新企业高质量创新的影响:组合效应与分化特征

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文基于创新价值链视角，从前期研发创新、中期成果转化和后期技术扩散三个阶段，揭示不同阶段创新制度供给提升专精特新企业创新质量的理论机制；进而利用手工搜集的18万余份政策文本和专精特新专利数据，探索性地采用文本组合匹配法考察三类创新制度供给对专精特新企业创新质量的复杂影响。研究发现：①深化以创新价值链为导向的制度供给能够有效提升专精特新企业创新质量，这一作用在成果转化阶段尤为突出。②推动持续创新、促进利润兑现和缓解风险承担是创新制度供给赋能专精特新企业高质量创新的有效途径。③组合效应显示，当前我国对专精特新企业高质量创新的制度供给尚未形成全周期、全链式良性互动，尤其要重视促进专精特新企业在维持特定技术优势与加快研发成果市场化之间实现“兼容”。④分化特征表明，对于创新基础较薄弱的专精特新企业而言，制度供给对其创新质量的促进作用更为明显；而从地区发展水平来看，制度供给的影响则表现出明显的“马太效应”。上述结论为新时期我国通过深化科技体制改革，培育高质量发展新动能提供启示。

关键词: 专精特新, 制度供给, 创新价值链, 文本分析

Abstract: From the perspective of the innovation value chain, this paper examines three stages (early-stage R&D innovation, mid-stage commercialization of research outcomes, and late-stage technology diffusion) to reveal the theoretical mechanisms through which institutional supply at different stages enhances the innovation quality of “specialized, sophisticated, distinctive, and innovative” (SSDI) enterprises. Furthermore, drawing on more than 180,000 manually collected policy documents and SSDI patent records, this study exploratorily employs a text-based configurational matching approach to investigate the complex effects of three types of innovation-oriented institutional supply on the innovation quality of SSDI enterprises. The findings are as follows: (1) Deepening institutional supply oriented toward the innovation value chain can effectively improve the innovation quality of SSDI enterprises, with the effect being particularly pronounced during the commercialization stage. (2) Promoting continuous innovation, facilitating profit realization, and alleviating risk-bearing pressures are effective channels through which institutional supply empowers high-quality innovation in SSDI enterprises. (3) Configuration effects indicate that China’s current institutional supply for high-quality innovation in SSDI enterprises has not yet formed a full-cycle, full-chain virtuous interaction; in particular, greater attention should be paid to enabling SSDI enterprises to achieve compatibility between maintaining specific technological advantages and accelerating the marketization of R&D outcomes. (4) Differentiated characteristics show that institutional supply exerts a more significant positive effect on innovation quality for SSDI enterprises with relatively weak innovation foundations, while, from the perspective of regional development levels, the impact of institutional supply exhibits a pronounced “Matthew effect.” These conclusions provide important insights for fostering new drivers of high-quality development in China through deepening reform of the science and technology system in the new era.

Key words: SSDI, institutional supply, innovation value chain, text analysis

卓乘风, 陈劲. 制度供给对专精特新企业高质量创新的影响:组合效应与分化特征[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(9): 144-155.

Zhuo Chengfeng, Chen Jin. The Impact of Institutional Supply on High-quality Innovation of SSDI Enterprises:Configuration Effects and Differentiated Characteristics[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(9): 144-155.

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