公共数据开放与企业固定资产投资

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 公共数据开放是畅通数据要素流通壁垒，促进数字经济和实体经济快速融合的重要手段。本文以中国各地方政府推动公共数据开放平台上线为准自然实验，实证检验公共数据开放对企业固定资产投资规模的影响。研究发现，公共数据开放显著扩大了企业固定资产投资规模，平均效应为13.15个基点。机制分析发现，缓解金融摩擦和加强资本逐利规律是公共数据开放扩大企业固定资产投资的潜在路径。进一步地，本文还发现，公共数据利用率越高、企业数据要素开放利用程度越高、公共数据开放质量越好，其对企业固定资产投资的促进作用越大。本文揭示公共数据开放对企业固定资产投资的促进作用，补充数据要素赋能实体经济发展的经验证据，为推动公共数据开放，促进数字经济与实体经济深度融合提供理论支撑。

关键词: 数据要素, 公共数据开放, 数字经济, 实体经济, 企业投资

Abstract: Public data openness serves as a crucial mechanism for breaking down barriers in data element circulation and accelerating the integration between the digital economy and the real economy. This study utilizes the quasi-natural experiment of China's local governments launching public data platforms to empirically examine the impact of public data openness on the scale of corporate fixed-asset investment. The results show that public data openness significantly expands corporate fixed-asset investment scale, with an average effect of 13.15 basis points. Mechanism analysis reveals that alleviating financial frictions and reinforcing capital's profit-seeking behavior are the underlying pathways through which public data openness enhances fixed-asset investment. Furthermore, the study finds that the investment-promoting effect strengthens with higher public data utilization rates, greater enterprise engagement with open data elements, and improved quality of public data openness. This research demonstrates the positive effect of public data openness on corporate fixed-asset investment, provides empirical evidence on how data elements empower real economic development, and offers theoretical support for advancing public data openness to deepen digital-real economy integration.

Key words: data elements, public data openness, digital economy, real economy, corporate investment

路军伟, 杨来峰. 公共数据开放与企业固定资产投资[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(3): 170-182.

Lu Junwei, Yang Laifeng. Public Data Openness and Corporate Fixed Asset Investment[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(3): 170-182.

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