职业流动对科研产出的影响研究：基于时间维度的新证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着时间的推移，职业流动对科研人员的科研产出有怎样的影响？其影响机理是什么？这两个问题一直未得到充分的回答。一方面，职业流动带来了异质知识获取、研究问题、研究视角和研究方法，可以助力科研探索，提升科研产出；另一方面，职业流动也伴随着适应新环境、个体组织匹配等成本，它将随时间增长趋于下降。因此，职业流动对科研产出的影响将有一定的时间效应。本文分析了847名科研人员的个人简历与44593篇论文数据，研究结果表明，科研人员在发生职业流动后的前四年会经历短暂的论文数量和质量的下降，自第五年起出现“高产”和“优产”；职业流动对论文质量的正向影响在流动后的第六年消失，而对论文数量的影响在第六年依然显著，相较于论文质量，职业流动对论文数量的正向影响维持的时间更长；科研人员由于职业流动所带来的科研探索能在流动后的六年内影响论文数量，但只能在流动后的前三年提升论文质量。以上结论丰富了流动与产出理论，对人才管理和政策具有借鉴价值。

关键词: 职业流动, 科研探索, 科研产出, 时间效应

Abstract: How does scientific researchers’ career mobility affect their research output over time? What is the mechanism of its influence? Both questions have never been adequately answered. On the one hand, mobility brings heterogeneous knowledge, research questions, perspectives and methods, which can facilitate research exploration and improve research output. On the other hand, mobility is also accompanied by the cost of adapting to the new environment, which tends to decline with time. Thus, the impact of mobility on research output should change with time. In this study, we analyze curriculum vitae of 847 scientific researchers and their 44,593 papers. The results show that the quantity and quality of scientific researchers’ paper show a short-term decline in the first four years after mobility, but a significant increase from the fifth year on. The positive effect of mobility on paper quality disappears in the sixth year, but the effect on paper quantity is still significant in the sixth year. Compared with paper quality, the positive effect of mobility on quantity lasts longer. The research exploration of scientific researchers due to mobility affects the quantity of papers within six years after the mobility, but can only improve the quality of papers in the first three years after the mobility. The above conclusions enrich the theory of mobility and research output, and have practical value for talent management and policy.

Key words: career mobility, research exploration, scientific research output, temporal effect

卢晓杨, 汤超颖. 职业流动对科研产出的影响研究：基于时间维度的新证据[J]. 管理评论, 2024, 36(2): 143-153.

Lu Xiaoyang, Tang Chaoying. A Study on the Impact of Career Mobility on Research Outputs: New Evidences from a Temporal Perspective[J]. Management Review, 2024, 36(2): 143-153.

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