考虑创新情境的创新开放度与知识产权保护匹配模式研究——基于多时段的模糊集定性比较分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 开放式创新环境下如何平衡“开放”与“独占”成为企业面临的现实困境，破解思路之一就是采用权变思维以充分考虑企业所处的异质性创新情境。为此，通过构建考虑创新情境的创新开放度与知识产权保护匹配模式理论模型，以我国50家上市公司为样本，运用fsQCA方法实证探索了不同情境下创新开放度与知识产权保护的有效匹配模式及其动态演变路径。结果显示：受到异质性创新情境的影响，创新开放度与知识产权保护存在5种不同的组态匹配模式；处于不同开放式创新阶段的企业，对“开放”与“独占”的权衡存在一定差异，创新开放度与知识产权保护的匹配模式会动态变化。该研究打开了创新开放度与知识产权保护的匹配模式“黑箱”，动态剖析了创新情境下匹配模式随创新阶段发展的表现差异及其演变规律，为企业破解“开放式创新”悖论提供一种新思路。

关键词: 开放式创新, 知识产权保护, 创新情境, 匹配模式, 模糊集定性比较分析

Abstract: How to balance “open” and “exclusive” in the open innovation has become a real dilemma for enterprises, and one of the potential solutions is to adopt the contingency theory to fully consider the heterogeneous innovation context in which enterprises are located. To do this, a theoretical model of the matching pattern between innovation openness and intellectual property protection considering the innovation context is constructed, and fsQCA (fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis) is applied to 50 listed enterprises in China as a sample to empirically explore the effective matching pattern between innovation openness and intellectual property protection under different situation and their dynamic evolution paths. The results show that there are five different patterns of matching between innovation openness and intellectual property protection under the influence of heterogeneous innovation contexts, and there are some differences in the trade-offs between “open” and “exclusive” among enterprises at different stages of open innovation. The matching pattern between openness and intellectual property protection will change dynamically. This study reveals the “black box” of the matching pattern of innovation openness and intellectual property protection, dynamically analyses the performance differences of the matching mode with the development of the innovation stage under the innovation situation and its laws of evolution, and provides a new perspective for enterprises to solve the paradox of openness.

Key words: open innovation, intellectual property protection, innovation context, matching model, fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis

孟庆良, 吴雪阳, 杭益. 考虑创新情境的创新开放度与知识产权保护匹配模式研究——基于多时段的模糊集定性比较分析[J]. 管理评论, 2024, 36(12): 157-170.

Meng Qingliang, Wu Xueyang, Hang Yi. Study on the Matching Model of Innovation Openness and Intellectual Property Protection Considering Innovation Context—A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Multiple Time Periods[J]. Management Review, 2024, 36(12): 157-170.

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