数字商业生态系统的互补性优势如何构建?——基于科大讯飞的探索性案例研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新一代信息技术与数字技术的蓬勃发展驱动了组织间的跨界合作与价值共创，核心企业能否在构建数字商业生态系统的过程中塑造互补性是企业建立优势的关键。本文针对科大讯飞构建数字商业生态系统的实践，探讨了数字商业生态系统互补性优势的构建。研究发现：（1）数字商业生态系统互补性的构建呈现过程化特征，核心企业首先通过搜索与吸引选择互补的生态伙伴进入，进一步通过建立关联结构和强化链接关系与生态伙伴建立连接，最后通过价值要素共享与反哺要素转化实现与生态伙伴核心能力的互补；（2）在核心企业的主导下，围绕数字技术积累互补资源，基于数字技术开发与应用建立稳定依存关系，最终利用互补资源实现价值共创，将围绕数字技术的互补资源转化为促进数字商业生态系统发展的价值，建立数字商业生态系统的互补性优势。本文最终形成的理论框架，能够弥补现有研究对生态系统互补性形成考量不足所造成的研究缺口，丰富了对数字商业生态系统互补性优势构建的认知，并基于数字技术描绘了数字商业生态系统的特性。

关键词: 数字商业生态系统, 生态系统互补性, 互补性优势, 生态系统构建

Abstract: The rapid advancement of next-generation information technology and digital technology has prompted cross-border collaboration and value co-creation among organizations, and whether core enterprises can shape complementarity in the process of building a digital business ecosystem is critical for enterprises to gain competitive advantage and achieve long-term growth. With regard to Iflyteke's practice of developing digital business ecosystems, this paper comprehensively investigates the establishment of complementary interactions in digital business ecosystems and the construction of their complementary advantages. The research finds that: (1) a process feature can be seen in the complementing building of the digital business ecosystem. Through search and attraction, core enterprises first pick matched eco-partners to enter the ecosystem, and then create connection ties with eco-partners by establishing association structures and deepening linkage relationships. Finally, the key skills of ecological partners end up complimentary through the two-way cycle of value element sharing and feedback element transformation; (2) under the leadership of core enterprises, complementary resources are accumulated around digital technology, stable interdependence relationships are established based on the development and application of digital technology, and finally, complementary resources are used to realize value co-creation, transforming complementary resources around digital technology into values that promote the development of the digital business ecosystem and creating complementary advantages of the digital business ecosystem. The theoretical framework developed in this paper can help to fill a research gap caused by existing studies' lack of consideration of ecosystem complementarity, enrich knowledge of the construction of complementary advantages in digital business ecosystems, and expand research on the construction of digital business ecosystems.

Key words: digital business ecosystem, ecosystem complementarity, complementary advantages, ecosystem construction

刘爽, 单宇. 数字商业生态系统的互补性优势如何构建?——基于科大讯飞的探索性案例研究[J]. 管理评论, 2023, 35(12): 319-332.

Liu Shuang, Shan Yu. How to Build Complementary Advantages in Digital Business Ecosystems?——An Exploratory Case Study Based on IFLYTEKE[J]. Management Review, 2023, 35(12): 319-332.

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