管理评论

管理评论 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 47-59.

• 经济与金融管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

关税壁垒真的是限制对手的武器吗？

姜卫民1, 夏炎2, 杨翠红3,4   

  1. 1. 南京林业大学经济管理学院, 南京 210037;
    2. 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190;
    3. 中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院, 北京 100190;
    4. 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院, 北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-05 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 夏炎(通讯作者),中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副研究员,硕士生导师,博士
  • 作者简介:姜卫民,南京林业大学经济管理学院讲师,博士;杨翠红,中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院研究员,中国科学院大学经济与管理学院教授,博士生导师,博士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目（19ZDA062）；国家自然科学基金项目（71974183；51861125101；71673269）。

Is Tariff Barriers Really a Weapon against Competitors?

Jiang Weimin1, Xia Yan2, Yang Cuihong3,4   

  1. 1. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037;
    2. Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    3. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    4. School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
  • Received:2019-09-05 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-10-28

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摘要： 本文通过建立一个对称的两国贸易模型，基于供求机理研究了当一国发起贸易保护措施后对于两国经济及创新能力等的影响。根据本文的模型：贸易保护在满足国家生产规模报酬递减和可贸易商品同质性较高等条件下更有可能成为限制对手的有效武器。并通过数值模拟分别对贸易壁垒有效和无效两种情境加以验证。本文还对多国且非对称的情况加以模拟，认为由于贸易摩擦的发起国和被制裁国的经济实力、贸易结构、生产结构等各不相同，在不同的贸易类型下，采取贸易保护措施会产生不同的效果。另外，本文在推导贸易模型时，根据进出口结构的特点、消费者效用最大化和生产者成本最小化的假设，提出了求解贸易均衡的Sylvester方程。

关键词: 贸易保护, 供求分析, Sylvester方程

Abstract: By establishing a symmetric two-country trade model, this paper studies the impacts of trade protection measures on the two countries’ economy and their innovation ability from the supply and demand mechanism. According to the model in this paper, trade protection is more likely to become an effective weapon under the conditions of decreasing returns on scale and high homogeneity of tradable goods. The two scenarios of effective and ineffective trade barriers are verified by numerical simulation. This paper also simulates the multi-country model and the asymmetric scenario. It is believed that due to the differences in economic strength, trade structure and production structure between the initiator and the sanctioned countries of trade dispute, the trade protection measures will have different effects under different trade types. In addition, according to the characteristics of import and export structure, the maximization of consumers’ utility and the minimization of producers’ cost, the authors deduce the Sylvester equation of the trade model, and the solution and simulation of the model are carried out by the study of the Sylvester equation.

Key words: trade protection, supply and demand analysis, Sylvester function