组织能力、国际创业与国际化绩效

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在新兴市场企业的国际化热潮中，东道国与母国之间的制度差异已成为学术界和企业界关注的焦点。本文结合制度逃离与制度套利双重视角，探讨新兴市场企业通过激进而冒险的国际创业(international venturing)方式进入海外市场的动机，提出高水平的技术能力与营销能力有助于企业在逃离母国制度限制的同时，充分利用东道国的制度优势，从而有效提升国际化绩效。基于此，以国际创业为中介变量、环境扫描为调节变量构建一个被调节的中介效应模型，进而揭示不同组织能力对企业国际化绩效的作用机理。结合我国150家制造类企业的双份调研数据与年报数据，实证检验的结果表明:技术能力与营销能力对国际创业均具有显著的提升作用，且环境扫描对上述关系均产生正向的调节作用。此外，国际创业在技术能力与国际化绩效之间起部分中介作用，但环境扫描对这一中介效应没有显著的调节作用；国际创业在营销能力与国际化绩效之间起完全中介作用，且环境扫描对这一中介效应具有显著的调节作用，即环境扫描水平越高，国际创业的中介作用越强。研究结论拓展了制度理论在企业国际化研究中的应用，对探讨新兴市场企业国际化动机与绩效提升具有理论和实践双重意义。

关键词: 技术能力, 营销能力, 国际创业, 环境扫描, 被调节的中介效应

Abstract: Scholars have increasingly emphasized the importance of institutional differences between host countries and home countries for MNCs. However, prior researches seldom examined the possible impacts of institutional differences on emerging market firms' international venturing, and our study attempts to fill in this research gap. We take the perspective of both institutional escapism and institutional arbitrage to explore how technological capabilities (TC) and marketing capabilities (MC) impact internationalization performance. In so doing, we propose a moderated mediation model by considering international venturing as a mediator and environmental scanning as a moderator. Findings from two key sources of information regarding 150 Chinese firms suggest that international venturing mediates the relationship between TC/MC and international performance, and environmental scanning strengthens the positive effects of TC/MC on international venturing. Besides, the indirect effect of international venturing on the MC-internationalization performance relationship is stronger when environmental scanning exists at a high level. Overall, this study extends institutional theory to internationalization research by offering insights regarding why and how emerging market firms venture abroad.

Key words: technological capabilities, marketing capabilities, international venturing, environmental scanning, moderated mediation

江旭, 潘珂. 组织能力、国际创业与国际化绩效[J]. 管理评论, 2022, 34(6): 76-89.

Jiang Xu, Pan Ke. Organizational Ability, International Venturing and Internationalization Performance[J]. Management Review, 2022, 34(6): 76-89.

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