研发联盟组合关系特征与企业创新：伙伴地理多样性的调节作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 现有的研究分析了研发联盟组合的平均关系强度特征对于企业创新的作用机制，但是并未得出一致的结论。针对现有研究的局限，本研究基于社会网络理论分析了企业研发联盟组合当中企业与研发合作伙伴之间的关系强度的两个特征，即平均关系强度以及关系强度的离散程度（以中心企业与其合作伙伴之间关系强度的方差来衡量）对企业创新产出的作用机制，并且将创新产出进一步细分为突破性创新与渐进性创新，同时分析了研发合作伙伴地理多样性对其调节作用，从而更加完整地分析了研发联盟的关系特征对企业创新的影响机制及其作用的边界条件。基于1996—2016年中国医药制造业企业构建研发联盟的数据分析发现，研发联盟组合平均关系强度对企业突破性创新的影响不显著，对渐进性创新的影响为倒U型；关系强度离散对于企业突破性创新有正向影响，但负向作用于企业的渐进性创新；研发合作伙伴地理多样性会增强两者对突破性创新的作用，减弱平均关系强度对于渐进性创新的倒U型作用，但对关系强度离散与渐进性创新之间的调节作用不显著。

关键词: 平均关系强度, 关系强度离散, 地理多样性, 突破性创新, 渐进性创新

Abstract: Although existing literature has paid more attention to the effect of the average ties' strength on firm's innovation in R&D alliance portfolio, the conclusions are inconsistent. This study attempts to fill this gap by drawing on social network theory to examine how two relational features of R&D alliance portfolio, including average ties' strength and ties' strength dispersion (measured by standard deviation of the strength of ties between the focal firm and its partners), affects firms' innovation, and also explores the moderating effect of R&D partners' geographic diversity. At the same time, this study also divides firms' innovation into critical innovation and incremental innovation in order to explore the relationship between relational features of R&D alliance portfolio and firms' innovation in a more complete way. The empirical study, leveraging Chinese listed biopharmaceutical firms during a twenty-year period (1996-2016), reveals that average ties' strength imposes an insignificant influence on firms' critical innovation, but has an inverted U shaped effect on firms' incremental innovation; ties' strength dispersion positively relates to critical innovation, but negatively relates to firms' incremental innovation; geographic diversity will enhance the effect of average ties' strength and ties' strength dispersion on firms' critical innovation, reduce inverted U shaped effect of average ties' strength on firms' incremental innovation, but insignificantly moderate the relationship between ties' strength dispersion and firms' incremental innovation.

Key words: average ties' strength, ties' strength dispersion, geographic diversity, critical innovation, incremental innovation

毕静煜, 谢恩. 研发联盟组合关系特征与企业创新：伙伴地理多样性的调节作用[J]. 管理评论, 2021, 33(10): 103-114.

Bi Jingyu, Xie En. Relational Feature of R&D Alliance Portfolios and Firms' Innovation: The Moderating Effect of Geographic Diversity[J]. Management Review, 2021, 33(10): 103-114.

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