我国高校学生及家庭膳食消费结构研究——基于中国科学院大学的微观调研数据

›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 3-13.

• 经济与金融管理 • 下一篇

我国高校学生及家庭膳食消费结构研究——基于中国科学院大学的微观调研数据

刘佳佳¹, 董书萱³, 李秀婷², 董志², 董纪昌²

1. 中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院, 北京 100190;
2. 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院, 北京 100190;
3. 北京市海淀区尚丽外国语学校, 北京 100193

收稿日期:2017-12-07 出版日期:2019-03-28 发布日期:2019-03-27
通讯作者: 董纪昌,中国科学院大学经济与管理学院教授,博士生导师。
作者简介:刘佳佳,中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院博士后;董书萱,北京市海淀区尚丽外国语学校;李秀婷,中国科学院大学经济与管理学院副教授;董志,中国科学院大学经济与管理学院讲师。
基金资助:
财政部、中国科学院重点部署项目（Y72902VED2）；中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2017M620940）。

Research on the Dietary Consumption Structure of College Students and Their Families in China——Based on Micro Survey Data from UCAS

Liu Jiajia¹, Dong Shuxuan³, Li Xiuting², Dong Zhi², Dong Jichang²

1. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
2. School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
3. Shangli Foreign Language School in Beijing, Beijing 100193

Received:2017-12-07 Online:2019-03-28 Published:2019-03-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文基于中国科学院大学学生家庭关系网络开展家庭膳食消费调研。此次调研采用城乡交叉分层抽样，首先从国科大在学的4万余名学生中抽取来自全国31省市、符合城乡比例的813名学生作为调查员。由学生调查员按照调研方案的要求从家属及亲朋中抽选8130名被调对象进行膳食调研，调研内容包括粮食、蔬菜和水果、畜禽肉、蛋类和水产品、乳类、食用油、酒类及饮料等各类食物摄入量，以及周末在外就餐的次数、就餐地点、食物重量、就餐人年龄、城乡、性别、收入、工作、教育程度、使用美团平台的次数、在其他家庭就餐次数和同吃同住人数对居民膳食消费行为的影响。调研时间为2017年8月15日至2017年9月15日期间的任选五天，包括三个工作日和两个周末。本文对调研数据进行分析之后，可以得出以下主要结论：（1）周末在外就餐的次数、城乡、居民收入和同吃同住人数对我国膳食结构的优化具有稳健的影响；（2）高校学生及家庭周末在外就餐次数与膳食消费结构的优化正相关，说明周末在外就餐是改善饮食的较好选择；（3）就餐人年龄与膳食结构的优化呈倒U型关系，说明目前我国高校学生所在的家庭应重点关注青少年和老年人。此外，居民日常生活也应重点关注农村居民和低收入群体的日常饮食营养。最后，本文从建立健全居民膳食营养状况的调查和监测体系，加强我国食品安全监管部门与食品实验室之间的合作，关心农村青少年营养结构，加强膳食营养宣传力度和保障食品生产、加工和流通各环节的食品卫生与安全等五个方面提出相关的政策建议。

关键词: 膳食结构, Pearson相关系数, Spearman相关系数, 最小二乘法

Abstract:

This paper draws upon the network of UCAS students to explore the dietary consumption structure of Chinese families. Firstly, 813 UCAS students are selected in a stratified manner from both urban and rural areas throughout China and then these students are requested to recommend their respective family members and friends, totally 8130 persons, who meet the purpose of this dietary research, as the investigation objects. The 8130 persons are investigated in terms of their intake of grains, vegetables and fruits, meat, eggs, aquatic products, milk, cooking oil, alcohol and beverages, as well as their weekend out-dining frequency, venue, food weight, their age, urban or rural background, gender, income, job, education, frequency of using Meituan, frequency of dining in other families, and the number of people living and eating together. The investigation covers any five days from August 15, 2017 to September 15, 2017, including three working days and two weekend days. Through data analysis, the following main conclusions are drawn:(1) weekend out-dining frequency, urban or rural background, income and the number of people living and eating together have a stable influence on the optimization of the dietary structure of Chinese college students and their families. (2) there is a positive relationship between the weekend out-dining frequency of college students and their families the optimization of their dietary structure, indicating that weekend out-dining is a good way to optimize residents' diet. (3) there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between dinners' age and the dietary structure optimization of Chinese college students and their families. Therefore, the dietary consumption of Chinese college students and their families should focus on the daily diet and nutrition of the youth and the elderly. Besides, focus should also be put on the daily diet and nutrition of rural residents and low-income groups. finally, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions from five aspects:1. establishing the investigation and monitoring system of the nutritional status of the residents; 2. strengthening cooperation between food safety regulators and food laboratories; 3. emphasizing the nutritional structure of the rural adolescents; 4. strengthening the dietary nutrition education; 5. ensuring the food hygiene and safety throughout the whole process from food production to processing to circulation.

Key words: dietary consumption structure, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, ordinary least square

刘佳佳, 董书萱, 李秀婷, 董志, 董纪昌. 我国高校学生及家庭膳食消费结构研究——基于中国科学院大学的微观调研数据[J]. , 2019, 31(3): 3-13.

Liu Jiajia, Dong Shuxuan, Li Xiuting, Dong Zhi, Dong Jichang. Research on the Dietary Consumption Structure of College Students and Their Families in China——Based on Micro Survey Data from UCAS[J]. , 2019, 31(3): 3-13.

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我国高校学生及家庭膳食消费结构研究——基于中国科学院大学的微观调研数据

Research on the Dietary Consumption Structure of College Students and Their Families in China——Based on Micro Survey Data from UCAS

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