管理评论

›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 275-288.

• 案例研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

软信息对于网络信贷的影响机理研究——基于中国农业银行数据网贷的探索性案例分析

秦志华, 林莹, 吴畏, 王冬冬   

  1. 中国人民大学商学院, 北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-29 出版日期:2018-11-28 发布日期:2018-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 林莹,中国人民大学商学院博士研究生
  • 作者简介:秦志华,中国人民大学商学院教授,博士生导师,博士;吴畏,中国人民大学商学院硕士研究生;王冬冬,中国人民大学商学院博士研究生。

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Soft Information on Online Lending——A Case Study of the Internet Loan Based on Big Data of Agricultural Bank of China

Qin Zhihua, Lin Ying, Wu Wei, Wang Dongdong   

  1. School of Business, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872
  • Received:2018-01-29 Online:2018-11-28 Published:2018-11-22

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摘要：

互联网金融的迅猛发展能够取代商业银行作为金融中介组织的作用吗?本文以中国农业银行数据网贷为样本进行探索性案例分析，从信贷软信息作用机理的角度得到了否定结论。研究发现：（1）数据网贷面临软信息处理困难，只能通过人际沟通来解决。（2）人际沟通不仅传递信息而且生产信息，可以促进非标准化公认信息的产生。（3）非标准化公认信息是一种共享默会知识，直接促进并通过理性分析促进信贷合作。（4）由于理性分析建立在非标准化公认信息基础之上，因此以理性分析为基本方法的信息技术系统不能取代承载非标准化公认信息的人际沟通系统。在上述发现基础上，本文建立了网络信贷的软信息作用机理模型，刻画了从个体经验差异性出发到合作意愿真实性的不同路径。研究指出，人际沟通中形成的非标准化公认信息只能存在于一定人际关系结构中，难以完全硬化和通过公开渠道传递，是信贷软信息的本质特征。本文深化了对信贷软信息的认识，从知识分散性的理论视角做出了进一步探讨。给出的实践提示是：商业银行内部和银企之间的人际沟通系统，作为非标准化公认信息的载体，是促进银行信贷发展的组织资源，不能被网络信贷技术取代。与此相应，商业银行发展网络信贷的优势，是利用网络技术改进非标准化信息即软信息的获取、利用与开发，从而提高而不是取消客户关系与组织人事系统的作用。

关键词: 信贷软信息, 网络信贷, 共享默会知识, 知识分散性

Abstract:

Can the rapidly developing Internet Finance replace commercial banks which play the role of financial intermediary? From the perspective of soft information, the paper conducts an exploratory case study of “internet loan based on big data” of Agricultural Bank of China. The conclusion is that the information technology system cannot replace the interpersonal communication system, nor the role of financial intermediary role of banks. The reasons are as follows: (1) The information processing difficulty of “internet loan based on big data” lies in soft information and can only be solved through interpersonal communication. (2) The role of interpersonal communication lies not only in the transmission of information, but also in the production of information; the formation of non-standardized and recognized information is of great significance. (3) This kind of non-standardized personal information exists in the form of tacit knowledge, which not only directly promotes cooperation in lending, but also provides the premise and foundation for rational thinking of lending activities. (4) Since rational analysis is based on non-standardized information, the information technology system relying on rational analysis cannot replace the interpersonal communication system carrying non-standardized information. Based on the above findings, this paper establishes a mechanism of soft information in online credit, and describes the different paths from the individual experience differences to the authenticity of willingness to cooperate. The study points out that the non-standardized information formed in interpersonal communication can only exist in a certain interpersonal relationship structure, and it is difficult to completely harden and transmit through open channels. This study deepens the understanding of credit soft information, which can be further explored from the theoretical perspective of knowledge fragmentation. The practical hints are: the interpersonal communication system within commercial banks and between banks and enterprises, as a carrier of non-standardized and accepted information, i.e., soft information, is an organizational resource that enhances bank credit for credit development, which can be improved through online credit technology but cannot be replaced. Correspondingly, the advantage of commercial banks in developing online credit is to use network technology to improve the acquisition, utilization, and development of non-standardized information, that is, soft information, so as to improve rather than eliminate the role of customer relations and organization of personnel systems.

Key words: soft information, online lending, shared tacit information, dispersal of knowledge