我国食品安全监管者的信息瞒报与合谋现象分析——基于委托代理模型的解释与实践验证

›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 210-218.

我国食品安全监管者的信息瞒报与合谋现象分析——基于委托代理模型的解释与实践验证

全世文¹, 曾寅初²

1. 中国社会科学院农村发展研究所, 北京 100732;
2. 中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院, 北京 100872

收稿日期:2013-07-26 出版日期:2016-02-28 发布日期:2016-03-01
作者简介:全世文,中国社会科学院农村发展研究所助理研究员,博士;曾寅初,中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院教授,博士生导师,博士.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(71141026).

Information Concealing and Conspiring Problems of Food Safety Regulators in China: Interpretation Based on Principal-agent Model and Its Practical Verification

Quan Shiwen¹, Zeng Yinchu²

1. Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732;
2. School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872

Received:2013-07-26 Online:2016-02-28 Published:2016-03-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文根据委托代理理论构建了一个消费者委托监管者对食品进行抽样检测并汇报食品安全信息的模型,指出了我国现行食品安全监管体制中的"结果考核制"和"检测权与处罚权合一"两种制度安排存在严重的激励扭曲,会导致监管者不作为、瞒报食品安全信息,甚至与生产者合谋.本文进一步结合食品安全实践中监管责任的典型案例,对分析结论进行了验证.在此基础上,本文对改进食品安全监管机制提出了政策建议.

关键词: 食品安全, 监管机制, 激励相容, 委托代理理论

Abstract:

According to principal-agent theory, we construct a model where consumers entrust food safety regulators to make sampling inspection and report food safety information to consumers. Our results show two existing institutional arrangements in China's food safety regulation are improper and regulators' incentives might be strongly distorted. The first arrangement is 'result-based-assessment', where regulators' performance are evaluated by the true level of food safety, and the second is supervision monopoly, namely the power of inspection and the power of punishment on producers are centralized in the hand of regulators. Representative cases with regard to regulation responsibility in food safety incidents partly confirm the deduction. And correspondingly, we propose several suggestions on ensuring incentive compatibility of food safety regulators.

Key words: food safety, regulation mechanism, incentive compatibility, principal-agency theory

全世文, 曾寅初. 我国食品安全监管者的信息瞒报与合谋现象分析——基于委托代理模型的解释与实践验证[J]. , 2016, 28(2): 210-218.

Quan Shiwen, Zeng Yinchu. Information Concealing and Conspiring Problems of Food Safety Regulators in China: Interpretation Based on Principal-agent Model and Its Practical Verification[J]. , 2016, 28(2): 210-218.

参考文献

[1] Antle J. M. Economic Analysis of Food Safety[M]//Handbook of Agricultural Economics. North-Holland: Elsevier, 2001
[2] 岳中刚.信息不对称、食品安全与监管制度设计[J]. 河北经贸大学学报, 2006,27(3):36-39
[3] 周应恒等.现代食品安全与管理[M]. 北京: 经济管理出版社, 2008
[4] 李艳波,刘松先.信息不对称下政府主管部门与食品企业的博弈分析[J]. 中国管理科学, 2006,14(z1):197-200
[5] Antle J. M. Efficient Food Safety Regulation in the Food Manufacturing Sector[J]. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1996,78(5):1242-1247
[6] Henson S., Caswell J. Food Safety Regulation: An Overview of Contemporary Issues[J]. Food Policy, 1999,24(6):589-603
[7] Resende-Filho M. A., Hurley T. M. Information Asymmetry and Traceability Incentives for Food Safety[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2012,139(2):596-603
[8] Saak A. E. Delegation of Monitoring, Transparency, and Reputation[C]. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association and Western Agricultural Economics Association Joint Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, July 26-28, 2015
[9] Starbird S. A. Moral Hazard, Inspection Policy, and Food Safety[J]. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2005,87(1):15-27
[10] Hammoudi A., Hoffmann R., Surry Y. Food Safety Standards and Agri-food Supply Chains: An Introductory Overview[J]. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 2009,36(4):469-478
[11] Strausz R. Delegation of Monitoring in a Principal-Agent Relationship[J]. The Review of Economic Studies, 1997,64(3):337-357
[12] Celik G. Mechanism Design with Collusive Supervision[J]. Journal of Economic Theory, 2009,144(1):69-95
[13] Araral E. Policy and Regulatory Design for Developing Countries: A Mechanism Design and Transaction Cost Approach[J]. Policy Sciences, 2014,47(3):289-303
[14] Duflo E., Greenstone M., Pande R., et al. Truth-Telling by Third-Party Auditors: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment in India[J]. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2013,128(4):1499-1545
[15] Strausz R. Collusion and Renegotiation in a Principal-Supervisor-Agent Relationship[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 1997,99(4):497-518
[16] Khalil F., Lawarree J. P., Scott T. J. Private Monitoring, Collusion and the Timing of Information[R]. CESifo Working Paper Series No. 4497, 2015
[17] Ortner J., Chassang S. Making Collusion Hard: Asymmetric Information as a Counter-Corruption Measure[C]. Princeton University William S. Dietrich II Economic Theory Center Research Paper No. 064-2014, 2014
[18] Rahman D. But Who Will Monitor the Monitor?[J]. The American Economic Review, 2012,102(6):2767-2797
[19] 田国强.经济机制理论: 信息效率与激励机制设计[J]. 经济学(季刊), 2003,2(2):271-308
[20] Hurwicz L., Reiter S. Designing Economic Mechanisms[M]. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006
[21] Hart O. D., Holmstrom B. The Theory of Contracts[R]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Economics, 1986
[22] Mirrlees J. A. The Theory of Moral Hazard and Unobservable Behaviour: Part I[J]. The Review of Economic Studies, 1999,66(1):3-21
[23] 张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M]. 上海: 上海人民出版社, 2004
[24] 全世文,曾寅初,朱勇.我国食品安全监管者激励失灵的原因——基于委托代理理论的解释[J]. 经济管理, 2015,37(4):159-167
[25] Eom Y. S. Pesticide Residue Risk and Food Safety Valuation: A Random Utility Approach[J]. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1994,76(4):760-771
[26] 肖兴志,胡艳芳.中国食品安全监管的激励机制分析[J]. 中南财经政法大学学报, 2010,(1):35-39
[27] 陈思,罗云波,江树人.激励相容: 我国食品安全监管的现实选择[J]. 中国农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2010,27(3):168-175
[28] 李军林,姚东旻,李三希,等.分头监管还是合并监管: 食品安全中的组织经济学[J]. 世界经济, 2014,(10):165-192
[29] 谢康,赖金天,肖静华.食品安全社会共治下供应链质量协同特征与制度需求[J]. 管理评论, 2015,27(2):158-167