集聚结构、中介性与集群创新网络抗风险能力研究——以东北新能源汽车产业集群为例

›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 204-217.

集聚结构、中介性与集群创新网络抗风险能力研究——以东北新能源汽车产业集群为例

陈伟¹, 周文¹, 郎益夫²

1. 哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院, 哈尔滨 150001;
2. 哈尔滨技师学院, 哈尔滨 150001

收稿日期:2013-12-27 出版日期:2015-10-31 发布日期:2015-11-06
作者简介:陈伟,哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院教授,博士生导师,博士;周文,哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院博士研究生;郎益夫,哈尔滨技师学院教授,硕士生导师,博士。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金项目(14BGL007);国家自然科学基金项目(70903015)。

Research on Clustering Structure, Betweenness and Anti-risk Capacity of Innovation Network of Cluster——A Case on Industrial Cluster of New Energy Vehicles in the Northeast China

Chen Wei¹, Zhou Wen¹, Lang Yifu²

1. School of Economics and Management, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001;
2. Harbin Technician College, Harbin 150001

Received:2013-12-27 Online:2015-10-31 Published:2015-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

网络风险破坏集群创新网络的结构和功能,从而影响集群创新网络的抗风险能力。为实现有效的网络风险管理,以东北三省新能源汽车产业集群创新网络为例,运用复杂网络理论和仿真方法模拟外生性风险和内生性风险在网络的传染过程中集聚结构、中介性对集群创新网络抗风险能力的影响,并进一步探讨提高集群创新网络抗风险能力的可行方案。研究结果表明,内生性风险的破坏性大于外生性风险;在网络风险的冲击下,集聚结构和中介性通过网络的自组织行为分别从破坏速度和破坏烈度两方面对网络结构和功能的抗风险能力产生显著影响;集聚结构、中介性内部的变异程度以及二者的一致性程度影响网络的抗风险能力;培养和扶持中等规模企业群体是提高网络抗风险能力的可行方案。

关键词: 集聚结构, 中介性, 网络风险, 产业集群, 结构洞

Abstract:

Network risks damage the structure and function of innovation network of cluster and thus influence the network's anti-risk capacity. To achieve the goal of effectively managing network risks, this paper uses the innovation network of the industrial cluster of new energy vehicles in the northeast China as a case, and simulates the influence from clustering structure, betweenness to the anti-risk capacity of network in the infectious process of the endogenous and exogenous risks, based on complex theory. Furthermore, this paper discusses the possible solution of improvement of the anti-risk capacity of network. Results prove that the endogenous risks have stronger destructive power than the exogenous risks. Under the impact of network risks, the clustering structure and betweenness dramatically influences the anti-risk capacity of the structure and function of the network with respect to the damage speed and intensity respectively, through the self-organization behavior of the network. The degree of variation of the clustering structure and betweenness and the degree of their consistency have impact on the anti-risk capacity of the network. To cultivate and support the cluster of medium-scale enterprises is the possible solution of improving the anti-risk capacity of network.

Key words: clustering structure, betweenness, network risk, industrial cluster, structural hole

陈伟, 周文, 郎益夫. 集聚结构、中介性与集群创新网络抗风险能力研究——以东北新能源汽车产业集群为例[J]. , 2015, 27(10): 204-217.

Chen Wei, Zhou Wen, Lang Yifu. Research on Clustering Structure, Betweenness and Anti-risk Capacity of Innovation Network of Cluster——A Case on Industrial Cluster of New Energy Vehicles in the Northeast China[J]. , 2015, 27(10): 204-217.

参考文献

[1] 何铮,谭劲松. 复杂理论在集群领域的研究: 基于东莞PC集群的初步探讨[J]. 管理世界, 2005,(12):108-115
[2] Camarinha-Matos L. M., Afsarmanesh H., Galeano N., et al. Collaborative Networked Organizations: Concepts and Practice in Manufacturing Enterprises[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2009,57(1):46-60
[3] Polidoro F., Ahuja G., Mitchell W. When the Social Structure Overshadows Competitive Incentives: The Effects of Network Embeddedness on Joint Venture Dissolution[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2011,54(1):203-223
[4] 张克英,李仰东,郭伟.合作研发中知识产权风险对合作行为影响的研究[J]. 管理评论, 2011,23(12):76-83
[5] Nieto M. J., Santamaría L. Technological Collaboration: Bridging the Innovation Gap between Small and Large Firms[J]. Journal of Small Business Management, 2010,48(1):44-69
[6] Perkmann M., Neely A., Walsh K. How Should Firms Evaluate Success in University-Industry Alliances: A Performance Measurement System[J]. R&D Management, 2011,41(2):202-216
[7] Tsai K. Collaborative Networks and Product Innovation Performance: Toward a Contingency Perspective[J]. Research Policy, 2009,38(5):765-778
[8] Qin J., Wu H., Tong X., et al. A Quantitative Method for Determining the Robustness of Complex Networks[J]. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 2013,253(12):85-90
[9] 田田,吴俊,谭跃进.基于自然连通度的复杂网络抗毁性仿真优化研究[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2013,10(2):88-94
[10] Zhang X., Zhao N. The Model and Simulation of the Invulnerability of Scale-Free Networks Based on "Honeypot"[J]. Journal of Networks, 2011,6(6):928-931
[11] Huang X., Gao J., Buldyrev S. V., et al. Robustness of Interdependent Networks under Targeted Attack[J]. Physical Review E, 2011,83(6):65101
[12] Zhang H., Zhang J., Zhou C., et al. Hub Nodes Inhibit the Outbreak of Epidemic under Voluntary Vaccination[J]. New Journal of Physics, 2010,12(2):23015
[13] 王聪聪,蔡宁,黄纯.产业集群多层次网络结构对集群风险扩散的影响[J]. 重庆大学学报(社会科学版), 2013,19(5):50-55
[14] 谭劲松,何铮.集群自组织的复杂网络仿真研究[J]. 管理科学学报, 2009,12(4):1-14
[15] 蔡宁,黄纯,孙文文.集群风险自组织理论建构的探索式案例研究[J]. 中国工业经济, 2011,28(7):54-64
[16] Levén P., Holmström J., Mathiassen L. Managing Research and Innovation Networks: Evidence from a Government Sponsored Cross-Industry Program[J]. Research Policy, 2014,43(1):156-168
[17] Albert R., Jeong H., Barabási A. L. Error and Attack Tolerance of Complex Networks[J]. Nature, 2000,406(6794):378-382
[18] 党亚茹,丁飞雅,高峰.我国航班流网络抗毁性实证分析[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2012,12(6):177-185
[19] 汪小帆,李翔,陈关荣.网络科学导论[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2012
[20] Burt R. S. Structural holes: The Social Structure of Competition[M]. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009
[21] 何铮,张晓军.集群创新扩散的鲁棒性和脆弱性[J]. 系统管理学报, 2011,20(6):682-689
[22] 蔡萌,任义科,赵晨,杜巍,杜海峰.网络结构模式与员工个人绩效——基于整体网络的分析[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(7):143-155
[23] 李妹,高山行.环境不确定性、组织冗余与原始性创新的关系研究[J]. 管理评论, 2014,26(1):47-56
[24] Rampersad G., Quester P., Troshani I. Managing Innovation Networks: Exploratory Evidence from ICT, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Networks[J]. Industrial Marketing Management, 2010,39(5):793-805
[25] Hurmelinna-Laukkanen P., Olander H., Blomqvist K., et al. Orchestrating R&D Networks: Absorptive Capacity, Network Stability, and Innovation Appropriability[J]. European Management Journal, 2012,30(6):552-563
[26] 孙冰,袭希,余浩.网络关系视角下技术生态位态势研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2013,31(4):518-528
[27] 林润辉,张红娟,范建红.基于网络组织的协作创新研究综述[J]. 管理评论, 2013,25(6):31-46