The Influence of Workload on Perceived Intragroup Conflicts——The Moderating Effects of Locus of Control and Affect-Based Trust

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on a sample of 113 individuals, working in 37 classroom groups, the present study examines the relationship between individuals' workload and perceived intragroup conflicts (task, relationship, and process conflict) as well as the buffering conditions. Using a longitudinal design, we find that workload is positively associated with perceived relationship conflict and process conflict, but is not associated with task conflict. The results also show that, for individuals with internal locus of control (vs. external LOC), the positive relationship between workload and perceived conflict is lessened. Additionally, the relationship is weaker under conditions of high affect-based trust in the group than low trust.

Key words: workload, intragroup conflict, locus of control (LOC), affect-based trust

Wang Min, Li Shumin. The Influence of Workload on Perceived Intragroup Conflicts——The Moderating Effects of Locus of Control and Affect-Based Trust[J]. , 2017, 29(4): 122-133.

References

[1] Finney C., Stergiopoulos E., Hensel J., et al. Organizational Stressor Associated with Job Stress and Burnout in Correctional Officer: A Systematic Review[J]. Public Health, 2013,13(1):1-13
[2] Xiaobao Y., Pengyan W., Xuesong Z., et al. The Effect of Work Stress on Job Burnout Among Teachers: The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy[J]. Social Indicators Research, 2015,122(3):701-708
[3] 舒晓兵. 管理人员工作压力源及其影响[J]. 管理世界, 2005,(8):105-113
[4] Demerouti E., Bakker A. B., Nachreiner F., et al. The Job Demands-Resources Model of Burnout[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2001,86(3):499-512
[5] Ashfaq S., Mahmood Z., Ahmad M. Impact of Work-life Conflict and Work Overload on Employee Performance in Banking Sector of Pakistan[J]. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2013,14(5):688-695
[6] Lepine J. A., Podaskoff N., Lepine M. A. A Meta-Analytical Test of the Challenge Stressor-Hinder Stressor Framework: An Explanation for Inconsistent Relationships Among Stressors and Performance[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2005,48(5):764-775
[7] Gilboa S., Shirom A., Fried Y., et al. A Meta-Analysis of Work Demand Stressors and Job Performance: Examine Main and Moderating Effects[J]. Personnel Psychology, 2008,61(2):227-271
[8] Swider B. W., Zimmerman R. D. Born to Burnout: A Meta-analytic Path Model of Personality, Job Burnout, and Work Outcomes[J]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2010,76(3):487-506
[9] Tahir S., Yusoff R. B. M., Azam K., et al. The Effects of Work Overload on The Employees' Performance in Relation to Customer Satisfaction: A Case of Water & Power Development Authority, Attock, Pakistan[J]. World Journal of Social Science, 2012,2(1):174-181
[10] Jones E., Chonkob L., Rangarajan D., et al. The Role of Overload on Job Attitudes, Turnover Intentions, and Salesperson Performance[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2007,60(7):663-671
[11] Morter J. R. Relationship of Role Overload to Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave Among Acute Care Nurses[D].Doctoral Dissertation, University of Phoenix,2011
[12] Cavanaugh M. A., Boswell W. R., Roehling M. V., et al. An Empirical Examination of Self-Reported Work Stress Among US Managers[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2000,85(1):65-73
[13] Tastan S. B. The Theoretical Implications of Job Demands-Resource Model: A Research Study on The Relations of Job Demands, Supervisor Support and Job Autonomy with Work Engagement[J]. Ataturk University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences, 2014,28(4):149-192
[14] Weigl M., Stab N., Herms I., et al. The Associations of Supervisor Support and Work Overload with Burnout and Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Nursing Settings[J]. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2016,72(8):125-139
[15] Sonnentag S., Fritz C. Recovery from Job Stress: The Stressor-detachment Model as an Integrative Framework[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2015,36(2):72-103
[16] Jehn K. A. A Qualitative Analysis of Conflict Types and Dimensions in Organizational Groups[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997,42(3):530-57
[17] Jehn K. A., Chadwick C., Thatcher S. M. B. To Agree or Not to Agree: The Effects of Value Congruence, Individual Demographic Dissimilarity and Conflict in Workgroup Outcomes[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 1997,8(4):287-305
[18] De Dreu C. K. W., Weingart L. R. Task Versus Relationship Conflict, Team Performance, and Team Member Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2003,88(4):741-749
[19] De Wit F. R. C., Greer L. L. The Parodox of Intragroup Conflict: A meta-Analysis[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2012,97(2):360-390
[20] Jehn K. A., Northcraft G. B., Neale M. A. Why Difference Makes a Difference: A Field Study of Diversity, Conflict, and Performance in Workgroups[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999,44(4):741-763
[21] Moye N. A., Langfred C. W. Information Sharing and Group Conflict: Going Beyond Decision Making to Understand the Effects of Information Sharing on Group Performance[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2005,15(4):381-410
[22] Mostert K., Peeters M., Rost I. Work-home Interference and the Relationship with Job Characteristics and Well-being: A South African Study among Employees in the Construction Industry[J]. Stress and Health, 2011,27(3):238-251
[23] Hobfoll S. E. Conservation of Resources——A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress[J]. American Psychologist, 1989,44(3):513-524
[24] Morelli N. A., Cunningham C. J. Not All Resources Are Created Equal: COR Theory, Values and Stress[J]. The Journal of Psychology, 2012,146(4):393-415
[25] Wright T. A., Hobfoll S. E. Commitment, Psychological Well-Being and Job Performance: An Examination of Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory and Job Burnout[J]. Journal of Business and Management, 2004,9(4):389-406
[26] Perrewe P. L., Ralston D. A., Fermandez D. R. A Model Depicting the Relations among Perceived Stressors, Role Conflict and Organizational Commitment: A Comparative Analysis of Hong Kong and the United States[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1995,12(2):1-21
[27] Guofang W., Runtian J., Klossek A. Antecedent and Management of Conflict: Resolution Style of Chinese Top Managers in Multiple Rounds of in Cognitive and Affective Conflict[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2007,18(1):74-97
[28] Kahneman D. Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs[M]. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973
[29] Wall A. J., Callister R. R. Conflict and Its Management[J]. Journal of Management, 1995,21(3):515-58
[30] Kelly H. Attribution in Social Interaction, in E. Jones et al (eds.),Attribution Perceiving the Causes ofBehavior[M]. NJ: General Learning Press, 1972
[31] Simons T. L., Peterson R. S. Task Conflict and Relationship Conflict in Top Management Teams: ThePivotal Role of Intragroup Trust[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2000,85(1):102-111
[32] Helms-Lorenz M., Maulana R. Influencing the Psychological Well-being of Beginning Teachers AcrossThree Years of Teaching: Self-efficacy, Stress Causes, Job Tension and Job Discontent[J]. EducationalPsychology, 2016,36(3):569-594
[33] Penney L. M., Spector P. E. Job Stress, Incivility, and Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB): The Moderating Role of Negative Affectivity[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2005,26(7):777-796
[34] Rotter J. B. Generalized Expectancies for Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement[J]. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 1966,80(1):1-28
[35] Sandler I. N., Lakey B. Locus of Control As a Stress Moderator: The Role of Control Perceptions And Social Support[J]. American Journal of Community Psychology, 1982,10(1):65-80
[36] Siu Q. L., Spector P. E., Cooper C. L., et al. Managerial Stress in Greater China: The Direct and Moderator Effects of Coping Strategies and Work Locus of Control[J]. Applied Psychology, 2002,51(4):608-632
[37] Karasek R. A. Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude, and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1979,24(2):285-308
[38] Maslach C., Schaufeli W. B., Leiter M. P. Job Burnout[J]. Annual Review of Psychology, 2001,52(1):397-422
[39] Hobman E. V., Bordia P. The Role of Team Identification in the Dissimilarity-Conflict Relationship[J]. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 2006,9(4):483-507
[40] Haslama S. A., Reicherb S. Stressing The Group: Social Identity and The Unfolding Dynamics of Responses to Stress[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2006,91(5):1037-1052
[41] Chao R. C. L. Managing Stress and Maintaining Well-Being: Social Support, Problem-Focused Coping, and Avoidant Coping[J]. Journal of Counseling & Development, 2011,89(3):338-348
[42] Brown J. D. Evaluations of Self and Others: Self-Enhancement Biases in Social Judgments[J]. Social Cognition, 1986,4(4):353-376
[43] Sedikides C., Campbell W. K., Reeder G. D., et al. The Self-serving Bias in Relational Context[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998,74(2):378-386
[44] Meyerson D., Weick K. E., Kramer R. M. Swift Trust and Temporary Groups. In R. M. Kramer (Ed.), Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research[M]. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications,1996
[45] Parayitam S., Dooley R. S. The Relationship Between Conflict and Decision Outcomes: Moderating Effects of Cognitive-and Affect-based Trust in Strategic Decision-making Teams[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2007,18(1):42-73
[46] Peterson M. F., Smith P. B., Akande A., et al. Role Conflict, Ambiguity, and Overload: A 21-Nation Study[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1995,38(2):429-452
[47] McAllister D. J. Affect-and Cognition-based Trust as Foundations for Interpersonal Cooperation in Organizations[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1995,38(1):24-59