Abstract: The environment for the circulation and transaction of data elements is complex, involving various types of participants and numerous transaction process steps. There are numerous and diverse potential risk points, and achieving credible circulation and transaction of data elements has become an important challenge that restricts the safe and efficient circulation and transaction of data elements. To this end, based on the interview data from 11 experts in the field of data circulation and trading, as well as 119 papers from the Web of Science (WOS) core database from 2018 to 2023, this paper first identifies the key factors affecting the trustworthy circulation and trading of data elements through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model. These factors include participant, data, contract, and algorithm, which are based on to construct a PDCA trustworthy framework. Then, trust theory is used to determine the evaluation indicators for trustworthy participant, trustworthy data, trustworthy contract, and trustworthy algorithm through a literature review. Subsequently, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to assign weights to the evaluation indicators, calculating the weight of the evaluation index system for the trustworthy circulation and trading of data elements. Finally, the paper elaborates on the measurement of key indicators in the trustworthy indicator system. This research provides important theoretical and reference bases for characterizing and evaluating the credibility of data element circulation and trading, and for supporting the construction of a trustworthy ecological system in the data market.

Key words: data elements, PDCA, trustworthy indicator, credible circulation and transaction