Abstract: On April 10, 2021, the State Administration for Market Regulation imposed a fine of RMB18.228 billion on Alibaba for its monopoly behavior, which aroused people’s attention to the monopoly of platform economy. This paper takes Alibaba monopoly event as the case study object, comprehensively sorts out the anti-monopoly background at home and abroad, the related events of Alibaba monopoly event and the impact of the event, and reveals the necessity and importance of platform economy anti-monopoly. Focusing on the anti-monopoly governance of platform economy, this paper analyzes the bilateral market model of platform economy and the relationship between platform economy monopoly and data, and analyzes the causes of platform economy monopoly behavior based on the theory of bilateral market. Based on this, this paper deeply explores the characteristics of platform economy monopoly and the difficulties in anti-monopoly regulation of platform economy. In addition, from the perspective of bilateral market regulation, the relevant paths and measures in relation to bilateral market governance are proposed, such as strengthening the precise definition of platform economy monopoly market, consummating the unified identification of platform economy monopoly behavior, and improving the actual effect of platform economy monopoly regulation. This study has theoretical significance and practical value for the further development of anti-monopoly regulation of Chinese platform economy.

Key words: Alibaba monopoly event, platform economy, data elements, anti-monopoly, bilateral market