管理评论

管理评论 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 235-247.

• 运营与供应链管理 • 上一篇    

物联网平台与设备制造商智能化创新下的政府最优补贴策略研究

李秀峰1, 浦徐进2, 耿雪义3   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学商学院, 南京 210023;
    2. 江南大学商学院, 无锡 214122;
    3. 天津大学管理与经济学部, 天津 300072
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2026-10-09
  • 作者简介:李秀峰，南京师范大学商学院讲师，博士；浦徐进（通讯作者），江南大学商学院教授，博士生导师，博士；耿雪义，天津大学管理与经济学部博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（72271109）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（72602180）。

Optimal Government Subsidy Strategies for IoT Platforms and Smart Device Manufacturers under Smart Innovation

Li Xiufeng1, Pu Xujin2, Geng Xueyi3   

  1. 1. School of Business, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023;
    2. School of Business, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122;
    3. College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072
  • Received:2024-09-25 Published:2026-10-09

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摘要： 近年来，政府相继出台了各项补贴政策以促进制造业智能化转型。本文选取政府、一个物联网平台和一家制造商为研究对象，分析了政府补贴平台、补贴制造商和补贴消费者不同形式对物联网平台和制造商智能化创新决策的影响。其中，平台为制造商提供物联网技术服务，制造商接入平台开展智能产品研发并销售给消费者，为此制造商可以基于物联网平台远程数据处理能力获取需求溢出效益，但物联网的网络安全风险也影响了消费者的购买决策，并最终影响平台和制造商的智能化创新水平。通过分析政府不同补贴情形下制造商和平台的智能化创新决策，揭示出影响制造业智能化转型的因素，进而确定了政府最优补贴水平和形式，得出如下结论：①需求溢出水平和软硬件兼容性对智能创新均衡结果具有正向作用，而物联网平台和制造商的单位创新成本和网络安全外部性水平对平台服务水平与服务费用以及厂商的利润均具有负向影响。②政府提供的不同补贴对物联网平台创新及制造商创新的影响不同，补贴平台和制造商有助于企业提升创新水平，而补贴消费者仅会降低消费者购买智能设备成本，无法促进物联网平台企业和设备制造商提升创新水平。③无论政府目标为最大化社会福利还是促进智能产品的市场覆盖率，其均应该将补贴分配给物联网平台和制造商，而非补贴消费者。

关键词: 政府补贴, 物联网平台, 设备制造商, 智能化转型, 网络安全, 需求溢出

Abstract: In recent years, the government has introduced various subsidy policies to promote the smart transformation of the manufacturing industry. This paper uses the government, the platform, and the manufacturer as the research subjects to examine the impact that subsidies for platforms, manufacturers, and consumers respectively have on the smart innovation decisions of an IoT platform and a manu-facturer. The platform provides IoT technology services to the manufacturer, which develops and sells smart products to consumers through the platform. As a result, the manufacturer can gain demand spillover benefits based on the platform’s remote data processing capabilities. However, the cybersecurity risks associated with IoT also influence consumer purchasing decisions, ultimately affecting the smart innovation levels of both the platform and the manufacturer. By analyzing the smart innovation decisions of manufacturers and platforms under different government subsidy scenarios, this study identifies factors influencing the smart transformation of manufacturing and determines the optimal subsidy levels and forms for the government. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The level of demand spillover and software-hardware compatibility have a positive effect on smart innovation equilibrium outcomes, while the unit innovation costs and cybersecurity externalities of the IoT platform and manufacturer negatively impact the service levels and fees of the platform, as well as the profits of the manufacturers. (2) The impact of different government subsidies on the innovation of IoT platforms and manufacturers varies; subsidizing platforms and manufacturers helps increase their innovation levels, while subsidizing consumers only reduces the cost of purchasing smart devices without promoting innovation in the IoT platform company and device manufacturer. (3) No matter whether the government aims to maximize social welfare or promote the market coverage of smart products, it should allocate subsidies to IoT platforms and manufacturers, rather than subsidizing consumers.

Key words: government subsidies, IoT platform, device manufacturer, smart transformation, cybersecurity, demand spillover