中国企业国际创业中的标签化压力及其双元应对机制研究——基于资源保存理论视角

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，随着国际政治格局和经济形势的深刻变化，中国企业如何应对国际创业中的“被标签化”风险，成为业界和学界亟须解决的重点问题。本文基于资源保存理论，通过对“走出去”的中国制造企业——AC阀门股份有限公司的探索性案例分析发现：①在企业管理者压力评估下，不同的污名标签带来异质性压力——挑战性标签压力与阻碍性标签压力。挑战性标签压力产生资源投资需求，驱动企业践行进取性应对策略；阻碍性标签压力产生资源保护需求，要求企业采取防守性应对策略。②先动导向下的资源投资是企业应对挑战性标签压力的关键，帮助企业投资于技术领导力、数据资产和人力资本等撬动型创业资源，反映了企业坚持冒险性创业活动，以进取应对标签化压力的内在机制；节制导向下的资源保护是企业应对阻碍性标签压力的关键，助力企业保护关系网络资源、社会情感资源和组织情绪资源等桥接型创业资源，反映了企业显示谦逊信号，以防守应对标签化压力的内在机制。③在双元应对机制协同作用下，企业实现了成长范式重构和关系资本积累，取得了“化压力为动力”的积极成效。本文丰富了国际创业中的标签化压力及其应对相关研究，扩展了资源保存理论的适用情境，为中国企业在被污名环境中的国际创业发展提供了有益借鉴。

关键词: 国际创业, 标签化压力, 组织响应, 资源保存理论

Abstract: Given the fact that Chinese companies are increasingly stigmatized in recent years by Western countries against the backdrop of profound changes in global political landscape and economic environment, both practitioners and scholars have to address the risk of outbound Chinese companies being labeled. Drawing on conservation of resources(COR) theory and based on an exploratory case study of AC Valve, a Chinese manufacturing company that reached out overseas, this study finds that:(1) Under managers' stress appraisals, different stigma labels generate heterogeneous pressures, namely challenge-label pressure and obstacle-label pressure. Challenge-label pressure induces a demand for resource investment, driving the company to adopt proactive response strategies, whereas obstacle-label pressure triggers a need for resource preservation, prompting the company to take defensive response strategies.(2) Resource investment under a pioneering orientation is critical for addressing challenge-label pressure, enabling the company to invest in leveragesable entrepreneurial resources such as technological leadership, data assets, and human capital. This reflects the underlying mechanism through which the company persist in risk-taking entrepreneurial activities to proactively respond to the pressure of being labeled. Conversely, resource preservation under a restrained orientation is essential for coping with obstacle-label pressure, helping the company safeguard bridging entrepreneurial resources such as relational networks, social emotional resources and organizational emotional resources. This reveals the internal mechanism by which the company signals humility to defensively respond to the pressure of being labeled.(3) Through the synergistic interplay of these dual response mechanisms, the company achieved a restructuring of its growth paradigm and accumulated relational capital, thereby transforming “pressure into impetus”. This study advances theoretical understanding of the pressure on outbound Chinese companies being labeled, extends the contextual boundaries of COR theory, and offers valuable implications for Chinese enterprises to navigate an international environment where stigmatization prevails.

Key words: reaching out overseas, pressure of being labeled, organizational response, conservation of resources theory

李林蔚, 常玉, 李慧颖, 赵芹. 中国企业国际创业中的标签化压力及其双元应对机制研究——基于资源保存理论视角[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(1): 274-288.

Li Linwei, Chang Yu, Li Huiying, Zhao Qin. Dual-response Mechanisms for Outbound Chinese Companies under the Pressure of Being Labeled: Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory Perspective[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(1): 274-288.

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