信任还是威胁：领导对下属越轨创新的差异化反应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 越轨创新是创新领域的重要现象，但是，它在领导层面的影响后果尚存在争议，现有研究未能深入挖掘领导反应背后的心理机制及其差异化形成的根源，从而限制了对领导在越轨创新过程中所起作用的全面理解。本文基于社会信息加工理论提出，下属越轨创新既可能导致领导自尊威胁进而引发排斥行为反应，同时，也可能增强对该下属的信任进而产生支持行为，而工作情境强度是重要边界条件。本文采用定量问卷调查法和定性访谈法的混合研究设计验证理论模型。结果表明：严紧的工作情境强度下，下属越轨创新会增强领导的自尊威胁进而产生排斥行为，同时削弱领导信任并减少支持行为；在宽松的工作情境强度下，下属越轨创新会增强领导对下属的信任进而产生支持行为，同时削弱领导自尊威胁并减少排斥行为。定性结果表明，除工作情境强度外，领导风格和员工特征等因素也是影响领导产生后续心理和行为反应的重要边界条件。

关键词: 越轨创新, 自尊威胁, 信任, 排斥, 工作情境强度

Abstract: Creative deviance is a significant phenomenon in the field of innovation, yet its consequences at the leadership level remain controversial. Existing research has not thoroughly explored the psychological mechanisms underlying leaders' reactions or the root causes of their differentiated responses, thereby limiting a comprehensive understanding of the role leaders play in the process of creative deviance. Based on social information processing theory, this study proposes that subordinate creative deviance may trigger leaders' perceptions of self-esteem threat, leading to ostracism, while simultaneously enhancing trust in the subordinate, resulting in supportive behavior. Job-related situational strength serves as a critical boundary condition. Using a mixed-methods design incorporating quantitative questionnaire survey and qualitative interview, this study tests the theoretical model. The results reveal that in high situational strength contexts, creative deviance increases leaders' self-esteem threat, leading to ostracism, while reducing trust and supportive behavior. Conversely, in low situational strength contexts, creative deviance enhances leaders' trust in subordinates, fostering supportive behavior, while diminishing self-esteem threat and ostracism. Qualitative findings further indicate that, in addition to situational strength, leadership style and employee characteristics are important boundary conditions influencing leaders' subsequent psychological and behavioral responses. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are also discussed.

Key words: creative deviance, self-esteem threat, trust, ostracism, job-related situational strength

张鹏程, 赵旭宏, 刘明伟, 王韵茹. 信任还是威胁：领导对下属越轨创新的差异化反应[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(1): 120-131.

Zhang Pengcheng, Zhao Xuhong, Liu Mingwei, Wang Yunru. Trust or Threat: Leaders' Differentiated Responses to Their Subordinates' Creative Deviance[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(1): 120-131.

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