数字化转型背景下商业模式跨界融合的形成路径与机理——基于扎根理论与fsQCA的混合式研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 数字化模糊了行业边界，推动了产业融合，诸多企业选择通过多种商业模式的跨界融合来获取竞争优势，然而当前研究尚缺乏对其驱动因素与形成路径的系统分析。本文首先运用经典扎根理论提炼出数字化转型背景下商业模式跨界融合的驱动因素，进而运用NCA与fsQCA相结合的方法对这些因素进行组态分析，以探讨数字化转型背景下商业模式跨界融合的形成路径与机理。研究发现：①数字化转型背景下的商业模式跨界融合受到非沉淀性冗余资源、跨界知识搜寻与数字技术嵌入以及外部环境洞察力、组织协调柔性与员工技能延展力等资源与能力层面因素的影响；②上述六个因素均不能构成商业模式跨界融合的必要条件，但提高外部环境洞察力与跨界知识搜寻水平对商业模式跨界融合的实现发挥着较为普适的作用；③存在4条驱动商业模式跨界融合的组态，可归为跨界知识资源与环境洞察能力双元主导下的循序渐进型、员工-技术匹配型、突飞猛进型以及依托员工技能延展力的灵活响应型。研究结论为企业如何在数字化转型背景下实现商业模式跨界融合提供了系统性思维和有益启示。

关键词: 数字化转型, 商业模式跨界融合, 经典扎根理论, NCA, fsQCA

Abstract: Digitization has blurred industry boundaries and promoted industrial integration. Many enterprises choose to gain competitive advantages through cross-border integration of multiple business models. However, existing researches lack a systematic analysis of its driving factors and formation paths. This paper first uses classical grounded theory to extract the driving factors for cross-border integration of business models in the context of digital transformation, and then uses a combination of NCA and fsQCA methods to configure and analyze these factors, in order to explore the formation path and mechanism of cross-border integration of business models in the context of digital transformation. The findings are as follows. (1) The cross-border integration of business models in the context of digital transformation is influenced by resource and capability factors such as unabsorbed slack resources, cross-border knowledge search and digital technology embedding, external environment insight, organizational coordination flexibility and employee skill malleability; (2) The above six factors cannot constitute the necessary conditions for cross-border integration of business models, but improving external environmental insight and cross-border knowledge search level plays a relatively universal role in achieving cross-border integration of business models; (3) There are four groupings that drive the cross-border integration of business models, which can be categorized as stepby-step, employee-technology matching, rapid advancement, and flexible response based on the extension of employees' skills, led by the dual elements of cross-border knowledge resources and environmental insights. The research conclusion provides systematic thinking and useful insights for enterprises on how to achieve cross-border integration of business models in the context of digital transformation.

Key words: digital transformation, cross border integration of business models, classical grounded theory, NCA, fsQCA

王炳成, 孙玉馨, 赵静怡. 数字化转型背景下商业模式跨界融合的形成路径与机理——基于扎根理论与fsQCA的混合式研究[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(5): 277-288.

Wang Bingcheng, Sun Yuxin, Zhao Jingyi. The Formation Path and Mechanism of Cross-border Integration of Business Models in the Context of Digital Transformation: Hybrid Research Based on Grounded Theory and fsQCA[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(5): 277-288.

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