中欧班列开通的环境红利：理论机制与实证检验

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中欧班列开通是践行“一带一路”倡议的标志性成果。为了推进绿色“一带一路”建设，有必要厘清中欧班列开通与环境污染的关系。本文以中欧班列开通为准自然实验，采用2005—2019年中国284个城市面板统计数据，使用双重差分法实证考察中欧班列开通对城市环境污染的影响，研究发现：相比于未开通城市，中欧班列开通城市的环境污染水平平均降低2.05%，意味着中欧班列开通释放了环境红利。机制检验表明，中欧班列开通凭借助力产业结构升级、驱动技术创新和优化资本配置三条路径降低城市环境污染水平。异质性分析证实，中欧班列开通的减污效应具有显著区域和城市特征异质性，在西部以及人力资本较高、财政支持较强和信息基础设施较好的城市，中欧班列开通能发挥更强的减污功效。同时，中欧班列开通的减污效应呈现空间溢出特征，但贡献率十分有限。

关键词: 绿色"一带一路", 中欧班列, 环境污染, 双重差分法

Abstract: The CRexpress is a landmark achievement of the implementation of the “Belt and Road” initiative. In order to promote the green “Belt and Road” construction, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the opening of CRexpress and environmental pollution. This paper takes the opening of CRexpress as a quasi-natural experiment, adopts the panel statistics of 284 cities in China from 2005 to 2019, and uses the double-difference method to empirically investigate the impact of the opening of CRexpress on urban environmental pollution. The research finds that: compared with cities that have not been opened, the average environmental pollution of cities with CRexpress is reduced by 2.05%, indicating that the opening of CRexpress has released environmental dividends. Mechanism examination shows that, the opening of CRexpress reduces urban environmental pollution by helping upgrade the industrial structure, driving technological innovation and optimizing capital allocation. Heterogeneity analysis confirms that the pollution reduction effect of the opening of CRexpress has significant regional and urban heterogeneity. In western regions and cities with high human capital, strong financial support, and good information infrastructure, the opening of CRexpress can play a stronger role in reducing pollution. At the same time, the pollution reduction effect of the opening of CRexpress shows spatial spillover characteristics, but its contribution rate is very limited.

Key words: green"Belt and Road", CRexpress, environmental pollution, DID

郑万腾, 赵红岩, 张悦. 中欧班列开通的环境红利：理论机制与实证检验[J]. 管理评论, 2024, 36(10): 22-34.

Zheng Wanteng, Zhao Hongyan, Zhang Yue. The Environmental Dividend of CRexpress: Theoretical Mechanism and Empirical Test[J]. Management Review, 2024, 36(10): 22-34.

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