环境规制工具对企业绿色技术创新偏好的影响研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 环境规制效果受到规制工具种类选择和企业成本结构的影响。面对不同的环境规制工具，考虑成本最小化，企业存在是否进行绿色技术创新以及开展何种绿色技术创新的权衡。本文首先构建理论模型分析价格型规制与数量型规制对企业绿色技术创新的影响路径与机制，进而采用嵌套Logit模型检验环境规制工具对绿色技术创新选择的影响作用。结果发现：①价格型规制工具更多地作用于污染末端治理，而数量型规制工具则倾向于从源头减少污染物产生；同时，环境规制工具的减排作用受到绿色技术进步程度的影响。②不同类型的环境规制工具对绿色技术创新的选择具有异质性效应。价格型规制工具往往通过治污技术引进降低污染排放，而数量型规制与命令型规制则更有利于通过绿色生产技术创新减少污染排放。③价格型环境规制的区域差异最为明显，命令型规制工具仅存在影响程度上的区域异质性，并没有影响偏向的异质性。各种影响因素的区域异质性与规制工具异质性，归根结底取决于企业在污染治理成本与收益之间的权衡。

关键词: 环境成本内部化, 环境规制工具, 绿色技术创新

Abstract: The impact of regulations on the cost of pollution reduction is affected by the characteristics of regulatory instrument and the cost structure of enterprises, which leads to different decision-making results of pollution control. This paper firstly constructs a theoretical model based on the profit maximization to analyze the impact of price regulation and quantitative regulation on the selection of the kind of green technology innovations for enterprises. And then the nested logit model is used to test the impact of environmental regulation instruments on the preference of green technology innovation. The findings are as follows. (1) price-based regulations are beneficial to end-treatment of pollution, while quantitative regulation tends to reduce pollutant production by reducing output. When considering green technology innovation, the emission reduction effect of environmental regulations is affected by the improvement of green technology. (2) Different types of environmental regulation instruments have heterogeneous effects on the choice of green technology innovation. Price-based regulation tools are more conducive to reducing pollution emissions through the introduction of pollution control technology, while quantity-based regulations and command-based regulations are inclined to bring about more green production technology innovation. (3) The regional difference of price-based environmental regulation is the most obvious, while the imperative regulatory regulations only have regional heterogeneity of impact degree, and have no influence on bias heterogeneity. The regional heterogeneities of various influencing factors and the environmental regulation instruments ultimately result from the trade-off between the marginal cost and the marginal utility of enterprises in pollution control.

Key words: internalization of environmental cost, environmental regulation, green technology innovation

王艳, 于立宏. 环境规制工具对企业绿色技术创新偏好的影响研究[J]. 管理评论, 2023, 35(2): 156-170.

Wang Yan, Yu Lihong. The Influence of Environmental Regulation Instruments on Enterprises' Preference for Green Technology Innovation[J]. Management Review, 2023, 35(2): 156-170.

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