中国情境下一项关于工作嵌入效应的元分析研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在扎根中国情境，全面地检验工作嵌入的总体水平、两个领域嵌入（组织和社区）和三类嵌入力量（联系、匹配和牺牲）对离职意愿的预测效力，并探究工作嵌入两类量表的测量效度，以及人口特征在“工作嵌入－离职意愿”关系中的调节效应。研究结果将弥补现有文献在组织嵌入与社区嵌入对离职的预测效力比较；联系、匹配和牺牲之间的影响力比较；组合测量与整体测量的效度比较和嵌入影响的代际差异等方面的不足。此外，本文进一步厘清工作嵌入与绩效、工作满意等关键组织行为变量的关系。本文基于150项独立研究中的45419个样本进行元分析，结果发现：工作嵌入对离职意愿具有高度的负向影响；组织嵌入和社区嵌入均能负向影响离职意愿，且前者更具影响力；两类经典测量工具对嵌入与离职意愿的关系没有明显影响，即组合量表和整体量表能够同等效度地测量工作嵌入构念；嵌入的三类力量均能显著影响离职意愿，且组织匹配效力最大；与非新生代员工相比，新生代员工工作嵌入对离职意愿的影响力较低；工作嵌入与各类型绩效（工作绩效、任务绩效、情境绩效、组织公民行为、创新行为）、员工积极态度和认知（工作满意、组织承诺、组织认同、工作投入）呈正相关关系。最后，对研究结果的理论意义和实践应用价值进行了讨论。

关键词: 中国情境, 工作嵌入, 组织嵌入, 社区嵌入, 离职, 元分析

Abstract: The study aims to systematically examine the effects of job embeddedness's scale validity, overall level, two fields (organization and community) and three dimensions (links, fit and sacrifice) on staff turnover, and the moderation of the relationship between job embeddedness and staff turnover. In addition, we explore the effects of job embeddedness on related organizational outcomes such as performance and job satisfaction, filling in gaps in previous researches. We perform a meta-analysis of 45,419 samples from 150 independent studies. Specifically, we find that job embeddedness has a high negative impact on turnover intention. The composite and global measure of job embeddedness do not influence the relationship between job embeddedness and turnover intention. Links, fit and sacrifice significantly affect turnover intention. The effect of organizational fit is the largest. Compared with non-new generation employees, job embeddedness of new generation employees has a lower impact on turnover intention. Job embeddedness is positively correlated with various types of performance (job performance, task performance, contextual performance, organizational citizenship behavior and innovation behavior) and employees' positive attitude and cognition (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational identification and job engagement). Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

Key words: Chinese context, job embeddedness, organizational embeddedness, community embeddedness, staff turnover, meta-analysis

杨春江, 陈亚硕, 赵新元, 陈奥博. 中国情境下一项关于工作嵌入效应的元分析研究[J]. 管理评论, 2022, 34(7): 255-267.

Yang Chunjiang, Chen Yashuo, Zhao Xinyuan, Chen Aobo. The Effects of Job Embeddedness in Chinese Context: A Meta-analytic Investigation[J]. Management Review, 2022, 34(7): 255-267.

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