领导-员工交换一致性对员工组织公民行为的影响机理研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在领导和员工关系中，双方对于彼此交换关系感知的一致性是员工提升组织公民行为的重要基础。但已有研究仅从员工或领导的单一视角出发对这一过程进行解释。本研究通过领导-员工二元视角，基于社会交换和组织认同理论，探索了领导-员工交换一致性对员工组织公民行为的影响机理。通过对7家高新技术企业85位领导和352位员工的三阶段调查，进行多项式回归和响应面分析。研究结果发现:相比领导-员工交换一致性的“低-低”“低-高”和“高-低”情境，“双高”情境下的员工组织公民行为最高；组织认同感正向调节了领导-员工交换一致性与组织公民行为关系。此研究结论厘清了领导-员工交换一致性与员工组织公民行为的关系，拓展了组织公民行为的前因研究，丰富了社会交换理论和组织认同理论，并从组织认同角度，延伸了领导-员工交换一致性的情境机制研究。在实践领域，提出了通过促进领导-员工交换一致性，加强领导对员工的理解、支持和信任，进而让员工为组织奉献的思路。

关键词: 领导-员工交换, 组织公民行为, 组织认同, 一致性

Abstract: In the relationship between leaders and employees, the consistency of their perception for exchange relationship plays an important role in enhancing employees' organizational citizenship behaviors. However, existing studies only explain this process from a single perspective of employees or leaders. This study takes the perspective of leadership-employee to explore the influence of leadership-employee exchange consistency on employees' organizational citizenship behaviors by reference to social exchange theory and organizational identity theory. Based on a three-stage survey of 85 leaders and 352 employees in 7 high-tech enterprises, the polynomial regression and response surface analysis are carried out. The results show that compared with the "low-low", "low-high" and "high-low" exchange between leaders and members, in the situation of "high-high" exchange, employees' organizational citizenship behaviors is the best; organizational identity moderates the relationship between leader-member exchange consistency and organizational citizenship behaviors. This conclusion clarifies the relationship between leader-employee exchange consistency and employees' organizational citizenship behaviors, expands the antecedents of organizational citizenship behaviors, develops the social exchange theory and organizational identity theory, and extends the situational mechanism research of leader-employee exchange consistency from the perspective of organizational identity. In the field of practice, the study puts forward the idea of preparing employees for professional dedication by developing the exchange consistency between leaders and employees to the extent that leaders become "confidants" of employees.

Key words: leader-member exchange, organizational citizenship behaviors, organizational identity, congruence

綦萌, 牛雄鹰, 董玉杰, 杨早立. 领导-员工交换一致性对员工组织公民行为的影响机理研究[J]. 管理评论, 2022, 34(6): 215-225.

Qi Meng, Niu Xiongying, Dong Yujie, Yang Zaoli. The Influence of Leader-Member Exchange Congruence on Employees' Citizenship Behaviors[J]. Management Review, 2022, 34(6): 215-225.

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