领导幽默与下属前瞻行为：工作繁荣的中介作用与政治技能的调节作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于资源保存理论并立足于本土组织管理情境,本研究探讨了领导幽默如何以及何时影响下属的前瞻行为，重点关注工作繁荣的中介作用以及下属政治技能的调节作用。基于59个工作团队335份领导和下属在三个时点的配对调查数据，通过跨层次结构方程模型的数据分析方法得出的结果表明：(1)领导幽默可以有效预测下属的前瞻行为；(2)工作繁荣在领导幽默与下属前瞻行为的关系之间发挥中介作用；(3)下属的政治技能不仅正向调节领导幽默与工作繁荣之间的关系,还进一步调节领导幽默通过工作繁荣影响前瞻行为的间接效应。本研究的结果有助于打开领导幽默影响下属前瞻行为的“黑箱”并能够有效指导本土组织的管理实践。

关键词: 领导幽默, 前瞻行为, 工作繁荣, 政治技能, 资源保存理论

Abstract: Previous research suggests that leader plays a pivotal role in enhancing employee proactive behavior, yet we have little understanding of whether and how leader humor enhances employee proactive behavior. Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), we set out to shed light on the relationship between leader humor and employee proactive behavior. Specifically, we take account of both thriving at work, a personal resource, and employee’s political skill, a key resource, to uncover whether all employees benefit equally from leader humor (a contextual resource). In detail, we argue that the positive effect of leader humor on employee proactive behavior is mediated by thriving at work, and that employee’s political skill constitutes a boundary condition of this process. Our moderated mediation model is tested with 3 waves of data from 335 employees and their direct supervisors in 59 teams. The results support our hypotheses and reveal that thriving at work mediates the link between leader humor and increased employee proactive behavior. As predicted, we also find that employee’s political skill amplifies the mediated relationship between leader humor and employee proactive behavior via thriving at work.

Key words: leader humor, employee proactive behavior, thriving at work, political skill, Conservation of Resources Theory (COR)

姜平, 张丽华. 领导幽默与下属前瞻行为：工作繁荣的中介作用与政治技能的调节作用[J]. 管理评论, 2022, 34(4): 194-203.

Jiang Ping, Zhang Lihua. Leader Humor and Employee Proactive Behavior: The Mediating Role of Thriving at Work and the Moderating Role of Political Skill[J]. Management Review, 2022, 34(4): 194-203.

参考文献

[1] Griffin M. A., Neal A., Parker S. K. A New Model of Work Role Performance:Positive Behavior in Uncertain and Interdependent Contexts[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2007,50(2):327-347
[2] Wu C. H., Parker S. K., Wu. L. Z., et al. When and Why People Engage in Different Forms of Proactive Behavior:Interactive Effects of Self-Construals and Work Characteristics[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2018,61(1):293-323
[3] Wu C. H., Parker S. K. Thinking and Acting in Anticipation:A Review of Research on Proactive Behavior[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 2013,21(4):679-700
[4] 杨振芳,陈庆文,朱瑜,等.精神型领导是员工主动性行为的驱动因素吗?——一个多重中介效应模型的检验[J].管理评论, 2016,28(11):191-202
[5] Wu C. H., Parker S. K. The Role of Leader Support in Facilitating Proactive Work Behavior:A Perspective from Attachment Theory[J]. Journal of Management, 2017,43(4):1025-1049
[6] Chiu C. Y. C., Owens B. P., Tesluk P. E. Initiating and Utilizing Shared Leadership in Teams:The Role of Leader Humility, Team Proactive Personality, and Team Performance Capability[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2016,101(12):1705-1720
[7] Pundt A. The Relationship between Humorous Leadership and Innovative Behavior[J]. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2015,30(8):878-893
[8] 石冠峰,毛舒婷,王坤.幽默型领导对员工创造力的作用机制研究:基于社会交换理论的视角[J].中国人力资源开发, 2017,(11):17-31
[9] Cooper C. D., Kong D. T., Crossley C. D. Leader Humor as an Interpersonal Resource:Integrating Three Theoretical Perspectives[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2018,61(2):769-796
[10] Hobfoll S. E. The Influence of Culture, Community, and the Nested-Self in the Stress Process:Advancing Conservation of Resources Theory[J]. Applied Psychology, 2001,50(3):337-421
[11] Hobfoll S. E. Conservation of Resources:A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress[J]. American Psychologist, 1989,44(3):513-524
[12] 刘薇.变革型领导对工作场所员工学习的影响——员工情绪的中介作用和情绪智力的调节作用[J].管理评论, 2018,30(10):128-140
[13] Cooper C. D. Just Joking Around?Employee Humor Expression as an Ingratiatory Behavior[J]. Academy of Management Review, 2005,30(4):765-776
[14] Terrion J. L., Ashforth B. E. From "I" to "We":The Role of Putdown Humor and Identity in the Development of a Temporary Group[J]. Human Relations, 2002,55(1):55-88
[15] Cooper C. Elucidating the Bonds of Workplace Humor:A Relational Process Model[J]. Human Relations, 2008,61(8):1087-1115
[16] Van den Broeck A., Vander Elst T., Dikkers J., et al. This Is Funny:On the Beneficial Role of Self-Enhancing and Affiliative Humour in Job Design[J]. Psicothema, 2012,24(1):87-93
[17] Mesmer-Magnus J., Glew D. J., Viswesvaran C. A Meta-Analysis of Positive Humor in the Workplace[J]. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2012,27(2):155-190
[18] Parker S. K., Williams H. M., Turner N. Modeling the Antecedents of Proactive Behavior at Work[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2006,91(3):636-652
[19] 田晓明,李锐.自我牺牲型领导能促进员工的前瞻行为吗?——责任感知的中介效应及其边界条件[J].心理学报, 2015,47(12):1472-1485
[20] Yam K. C., Christian M. S., Wei W., et al. The Mixed Blessing of Leader Sense of Humor:Examining Costs and Benefits[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2018,61(1):348-369
[21] Fredrickson B. L. The Role of Positive Emotions in Positive Psychology:The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions[J]. American Psychologist, 2001,56(3):218-226
[22] Fuller J. B. Jr., Marler L. E., Hester K. Bridge Building within the Province of Proactivity[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2012,33(8):1053-1070
[23] Spreitzer G. M., Sutcliffe K., Dutton J. E., et al. A Socially Embedded Model of Thriving at Work[J]. Organization Science, 2005,16(5):537-550
[24] 韩翼,魏文文.员工工作繁荣研究述评与展望[J].外国经济与管理, 2013,35(8):46-53
[25] Gerbasi A., Porath C. L., Parker A., et al. Destructive De-Energizing Relationships:How Thriving Buffers their Effect on Performance[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2015,100(5):1423-1433
[26] Hildenbrand K., Sacramento C. A., Binnewies C. Transformational Leadership and Burnout:The Role of Thriving and Followers'Openness to Experience[J]. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2018,23(1):31-43
[27] Paterson T. A., Luthans F., Jeung W. Thriving at Work:Impact of Psychological Capital and Supervisor Support[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2014,35(3):434-446
[28] Halbesleben J. R. B. Sources of Social Support and Burnout:A Meta-Analytic Test of the Conservation of Resources Model[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2006,91(5):1134-1145
[29] Ferris G. R., Treadway D. C., Kolodinsky R. W., et al. Development and Validation of the Political Skill Inventory[J]. Journal of Management, 2005,31(1):126-152
[30] Ferris G. R., Treadway D. C., Perrewé P. L., et al. Political Skill in Organizations[J]. Journal of Management, 2007,33(3):290-320
[31] Halbesleben J. R. B., Neveu J. P., Paustian-Underdahl S. C., et al. Getting to the"COR":Understanding the Role of Resources in Conservation of Resources Theory[J]. Journal of Management, 2014,40(5):1334-1364
[32] Cullen K. L., Gerbasi A., Chrobot-Mason D. Thriving in Central Network Positions:The Role of Political Skill[J]. Journal of Management, 2018,44(2),682-706
[33] Ferris G. R., Berkson H. M., Kaplan D. M., et al. Development and Initial Validation of the Political Skill Inventory[C]. Chicago:Paper Presented at the 59th Annual National Meeting of the Academy of Management, 1999
[34] Porath C., Spreitzer G., Gibson C., et al. Thriving at Work:Toward Its Measurement, Construct Validation, and Theoretical Refinement[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2012,33(2):250-275
[35] James L. R. Aggregation Bias in Estimates of Perceptual Agreement[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1982,67(2):219-229
[36] Schneider B., White S. S., Paul M. C. Linking Service Climate and Customer Perceptions of Service Quality:Tests of a Causal Model[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1998,83(2):150-163
[37] James L. R., Demaree R. J., Wolf G. Rwg:An Assessment of Within-Group Interrater Agreement[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1993,78(2):306-309
[38] Preacher K. J., Zyphur M. J., Zhang Z. A General Multilevel SEM Framework for Assessing Multilevel Mediation[J]. Psychological Methods, 2010,15(3):209-233
[39] Li N., Chiaburu D. S., Kirkman B. L., et al. Spotlight on the Followers:An Examination of Moderators of Relationships between Transformational Leadership and Subordinates'Citizenship and Taking Charge[J]. Personnel Psychology, 2013,66(1):225-260
[40] 崔智淞,王弘钰,赵迪.化平淡为风趣:幽默型领导的概念,测量及作用机制[J].中国人力资源开发, 2018,35(12):55-67
[41] Pundt A., Venz L. Personal Need for Structure as a Boundary Condition for Humor in Leadership[J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2017,38(1):87-107
[42] Wijewardena N., Härtel C. E. J., Samaratunge R. Using Humor and Boosting Emotions:An Affect-Based Study of Managerial Humor, Employees'Emotions and Psychological Capital[J]. Human Relations, 2017,70(11):1316-1341
[43] 朱秀梅,王天东.创业者幽默如何激发团队创业激情?——团队心理安全和团队情感承诺的多重中介作用[J].经济管理, 2019,41(6):75-90
[44] Perry S. J., Witt L. A., Penney L. M., et al. The Downside of Goal-Focused Leadership:The Role of Personality in Subordinate Exhaustion[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2010,95(6):1145-1153
[45] Kim T. Y., Lee D. R., Wong N. Y. S. Supervisor Humor and Employee Outcomes:The Role of Social Distance and Affective Trust in Supervisor[J]. Journal of Business and Psychology, 2016,31(1):125-139
[46] Robert C., Dunne T. C., Iun J. The Impact of Leader Humor on Subordinate Job Satisfaction:The Crucial Role of Leader-Subordinate Relationship Quality[J]. Group&Organization Management, 2016,41(3):375-406
[47] Yue X. D. The Chinese Ambivalence to Humor:Views from Undergraduates in Hong Kong and China[J]. Humor, 2011,(24):463-480
[48] 吴论文,杨付.政治技能的实施效果及其理论解释[J].心理科学进展, 2019,27(12):2109-2121
[49] Spreitzer G., Porath C. L., Gibson C. B. Toward Human Sustainability:How to Enable More Thriving at Work[J]. Organizational Dynamics, 2012,41(2):155-162
[50] 景保峰,周霞.领导幽默研究述评与展望[J].外国经济与管理, 2019,41(3):70-84
[51] Munyon T. P., Summers J. K., Thompson K. M., et al. Political Skill and Work Outcomes:A Theoretical Extension, Meta-Analytic Investigation, and Agenda for the Future[J]. Personnel Psychology, 2015,68(1):143-184