双管齐下是否更优?企业研发税收优惠政策组合一致性研究

管理评论 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 92-105.

双管齐下是否更优?企业研发税收优惠政策组合一致性研究

寇明婷¹, 魏建武¹, 肖明¹, 陈凯华²

1. 北京科技大学经济管理学院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, 北京 100190

收稿日期:2019-02-25 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2022-02-25
通讯作者: 魏建武(通讯作者),北京科技大学经济管理学院硕士研究生。
作者简介:寇明婷,北京科技大学经济管理学院教授,博士生导师;肖明,北京科技大学经济管理学院教授,博士生导师;陈凯华,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院研究员。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年项目（71804008）；国家社会科学基金重大项目（18&ZD102）；教育部哲学社会科学后期资助项目（18JHQ078）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（FRF-TP-20-015A3）。

Is It Better to Work Both Ways? The Research on the Consistency of Tax Preferential Policy Mix for Enterprise R&D

Kou Mingting¹, Wei Jianwu¹, Xiao Ming¹, Chen Kaihua²

1. School of Economics and Management, University of Sciences and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083;
2. Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190

Received:2019-02-25 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2022-02-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 现有文献缺乏从政策组合的一致性角度对不同研发税收优惠政策间交互作用的关注。本文以高科技企业微观数据为样本，同时面向企业研发活动的投入端和产出端，基于负二项回归模型，运用层次回归的方法揭示研发费用加计扣除政策和所得税税收优惠政策对企业研发活动的激励效果，并聚焦二者间的交互效应来分析政策组合效应的一致性。实证研究表明：单独考虑两项政策效果时，研发费用加计扣除政策和所得税税收优惠政策对企业研发活动的资金投入、人员投入以及研发活动的专利产出均有正向激励作用，且研发费用加计扣除政策更优；然而，在同时考虑两项政策对企业研发活动的组合效果时，无论是在投入端还是在产出端，两项政策间均存在负向交互效应，即两项政策在激励企业研发活动的投入和产出时会相互干扰，一致性较弱，进而造成政策激励效果的损失。本文的研究结果可为提升我国研发财税政策的有效性和精准性提供政策启示。

关键词: 研发费用加计扣除政策, 所得税税收优惠政策, 政策组合一致性, 研发投入与产出

Abstract: The existing literature lacks the attention to the interaction between different R&D tax preferential policies from the perspective of consistency of policy mix. Based on the negative binomial regression model, this paper focuses on the moderating effect between R&D cost additional deduction policy and high-tech tax incentives policy to analyze the consistency between them by using the micro-data of high-tech enterprises. Our empirical findings support the following: when considering the effects of the two policies separately, R&D cost additional deduction policy and high-tech tax incentives policy both have positive incentive effects on capital input, personnel input and output of R&D activities. Moreover, the effect of R&D cost additional deduction policy is better. However, when considering the impact of the policy mix on R&D activities, R&D cost additional deduction policy and high-tech tax incentives policy both have a negative moderating effect on the R&D input and output. That is to say, the two policies will interfere with each other in stimulating the input and output of R&D activities, and the consistency of policy mix is weak, resulting in the loss of policy incentive effect. The results of this study can provide policy enlightenment for improving the effectiveness and accuracy of R&D incentive policies in China.

Key words: R&D cost additional deduction policy, high-tech tax incentives policy, consistency of policy mix, R&D input and output

寇明婷, 魏建武, 肖明, 陈凯华. 双管齐下是否更优?企业研发税收优惠政策组合一致性研究[J]. 管理评论, 2022, 34(1): 92-105.

Kou Mingting, Wei Jianwu, Xiao Ming, Chen Kaihua. Is It Better to Work Both Ways? The Research on the Consistency of Tax Preferential Policy Mix for Enterprise R&D[J]. Management Review, 2022, 34(1): 92-105.

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