企业中心型开放式创新生态系统的构建动因研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 企业开放式创新范式与创新生态系统的融合推动了企业中心型开放式创新生态系统成为理论研究和产业发展的新趋势。本文采用探索性单案例研究方法，选取大连光洋科技集团有限公司主导的高端数控机床创新生态圈为案例研究对象，探讨企业中心型开放式创新生态系统构建动因的来源层面、显现特征与传导路径。研究发现，企业中心型开放式创新生态系统的构建动因来源于企业外部技术情境、市场情境、制度情境，以及企业内部的企业家注意力、企业家认知、企业家精神六个层面。在此基础上，结合内容分析和典型事件分析，识别出对应于六个层面上的技术复杂性、技术动态性、技术后发性、市场需求多样性、市场竞争体系化、正式制度机会引导性、非正式制度压力驱动性、企业家内部注意力配置、企业家外部注意力配置、经济性认知、非经济性认知、挑战意识、创新意识和风险承担意识十四个构建动因显现特征。进一步地，发现企业中心型开放式创新生态系统的构建动因呈现“技术、市场和制度外部情境层面→企业家注意力层面→企业家认知层面→企业家精神层面”的传导路径。最终，本文构建了包含来源层面、显现特征与传导路径的企业中心型开放式创新生态系统构建动因显现架构。

关键词: 开放式创新生态系统, 企业中心型, 构建动因, 案例研究

Abstract: With the development of open innovation paradigm and innovation ecosystem, open innovation ecosystem (OIE) is becoming a new trend of theory research and industry development. This paper conducts an exploratory single case study to explore the origins, manifestation characteristics and transmission path of the construction motivation of the enterprise-centered OIE. The case selected comes from the innovation ecosystem of high-end computerized numerical control machine tool led by Dalian Gona Technology Group Co., Ltd. This paper finds that the construction motivation of the enterprise-centered OIE comes from six hierarchies including the external technology context hierarchy, market context hierarchy, institution context hierarchy, and the internal entrepreneurial attention hierarchy, entrepreneurial cognition hierarchy and entrepreneurial spirit hierarchy. On this basis, combining with the typical event analysis and content analysis, this paper discerns 14 kinds of concrete manifestation characteristics of the construction motivation on this six hierarchies:technical complexity, technical dynamics, technical backwardness, diversified market demand, systematic market competition, leading opportunity of formal institution, driving pressure of informal institution, internal attention allocation of entrepreneurs, external attention allocation of entrepreneurs, economic cognition, non-economic cognitive, challenge consciousness, innovative consciousness and risk consciousness. Further, it is found that the construction motivation of the enterprise-centered OIE transmits along the path of "the external technology, market, institution context hierarchy→entrepreneurial attention hierarchy→entrepreneurial cognition hierarchy→entrepreneurial spirit hierarchy". According to these ideas, the paper builds a manifestation architecture of the construction motivation of the enterprise-centered OIE including the origins, manifestation characteristics and transmission path.

Key words: open innovation ecosystem, enterprise-centered, construction motivation, case study

韩少杰, 吕一博, 苏敬勤. 企业中心型开放式创新生态系统的构建动因研究[J]. 管理评论, 2020, 32(6): 307-322.

Han Shaojie, Lv Yibo, Su Jingqin. Research on the Construction Motivation of the Enterprise-centered Open Innovation Ecosystem[J]. Management Review, 2020, 32(6): 307-322.

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