基于政策文本内容分析的政策体系演进研究——以中国创新创业政策体系为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究政策体系演变的规律和发展趋势，能够为政策制定者调整未来政策的发展方向提供理论依据，为企业、金融机构、创业者等组织或个体制定未来战略决策提供实践指导。本文以创新创业政策体系为例，基于1978—2017年693份创新创业政策文件，利用自然语言处理技术和社会网络分析法描绘政策之间的交互作用，分析政策主题的演进，量化政策的力度，并识别核心政策。研究发现：随着中国创新创业政策体系的不断成熟，政策之间联系的复杂性越来越深、政策内容也越来越多样化。在此期间，政府开始从“管理者”的角色逐步向“服务者”的角色转变。其次，在创新创业政策体系中，《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要（2006—2020年）》占据了最重要的网络位置，在政策体系的演进中起到了非常重要的作用。最后，结合实证结果，提出了相应的政策启示。

关键词: 政策文本, 内容分析, 社会网络分析, 政策量化分析, 创新创业

Abstract:

This paper aims to explore the patterns and trends of the evolution of a policy system. By this means, the paper provides a theoretical basis for policymakers to adjust the direction of future policies, and provides a practice guidance for organizations or individuals like enterprises, financial institutions and entrepreneurs to make future strategic decisions. Taking innovation and entrepreneurial policy system as our study context and based on 693 policy documents that were enacted in 1978-2017, this paper adopts text mining technique and social network analysis to describe the interactions among policies, analyze the evolution of policy themes, measure the power of policies, and identify focal policies. Results show that inter-policy association tends increasingly complex and policy contents tend increasingly diverse as a result of maturing innovation and entrepreneurial policy system in China. In the meanwhile, the government functions transform from administration to service. Then, the policy Outline of Medium- and Long-term Plan for National Science and Technology Development (2006-2020) is the most influential policy in the innovation and entrepreneurial policy system. Finally, this paper provides some suggestions for policymakers.

Key words: policy texts, content analysis, social network analysis, policy quantitative analysis, innovation and entrepreneurial

张超, 官建成. 基于政策文本内容分析的政策体系演进研究——以中国创新创业政策体系为例[J]. , 2020, 32(5): 138-150.

Zhang Chao, Guan Jiancheng. Research on the Evolution of a Policy System by the Content Analysis on Policy Texts: Evidence from the Innovation and Entrepreneurial Policy System in China[J]. , 2020, 32(5): 138-150.

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