中国企业对外直接投资的“就业效应”：理论机制与实证检验

›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 49-59.

中国企业对外直接投资的“就业效应”：理论机制与实证检验

贾妮莎¹, 申晨², 雷宏振¹, 兰娟丽¹

1. 陕西师范大学国际商学院, 西安 710119;
2. 浙江理工大学经济管理学院, 杭州 310018

收稿日期:2016-12-23 出版日期:2019-06-28 发布日期:2019-07-08
作者简介:贾妮莎,陕西师范大学国际商学院讲师,博士;申晨,浙江理工大学经济管理学院讲师,博士;雷宏振,陕西师范大学国际商学院教授,博士生导师,博士;兰娟丽,陕西师范大学国际商学院讲师,博士。
基金资助:
中国博士后科学基金项目（2016M602750）；中国科协高端科技创新智库青年项目（DXB-2KQN-2016-37）。

Influences of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on the Employment: Mechanism and Empirical Test

Jia Nisha¹, Shen Chen², Lei Hongzhen¹, Lan Juanli¹

1. International Business School, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119;
2. College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang SCI-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018

Received:2016-12-23 Online:2019-06-28 Published:2019-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国企业对外直接投资是"创造"还是"转移"了母国就业?针对该问题，本文首先从理论上分析了异质性投资动机OFDI对就业的影响机制，然后利用2005-2007年522家对外直接投资的制造业企业数据，设定就业绝对量和就业相对量两个指标，采用马氏距离匹配和倍差法实证检验企业OFDI的"就业效应"。研究发现：总体上，OFDI显著促进了企业在母国的就业；进一步分析发现，商贸服务类OFDI显著促进了母公司在本国就业的绝对量，但对就业相对量并未有明显促进，技术寻求类OFDI则显著促进了企业在本国的就业绝对量和就业相对量，投资于发达国家显著促进了企业在母国的就业绝对量和就业相对量，投资于发展中国家则仅促进了就业相对量。

关键词: 对外直接投资, 就业绝对量, 就业相对量, 异质性投资动机

Abstract:

To answer the question of whether Chinese outward foreign direct investment promotes the employment in China, we use firm-level data to examine the effect of OFDI on employment by using the Mahalanobis matching and Different-in-Different method. The results of our examination present some evidences. First, OFDI of manufacturing firms promotes the absolute amount of employment and employment of unit capital. Second, business services OFDI significantly promotes the absolute amount of employment of the parent company in the country, but does not significantly promotes employment of unit capital. The technology-seeking OFDI significantly promotes the absolute amount of employment and employment of unit capital. Thirdly, if the host country is a developing country, OFDI just promotes the employment of unit capital. If the host country is a developed country, OFDI promote both the absolute amount of employment and employment of unit capital.

Key words: outward foreign direct investment, absolute amount of employment, relative amount of employment, heterogeneous investment motivation

贾妮莎, 申晨, 雷宏振, 兰娟丽. 中国企业对外直接投资的“就业效应”：理论机制与实证检验[J]. , 2019, 31(6): 49-59.

Jia Nisha, Shen Chen, Lei Hongzhen, Lan Juanli. Influences of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on the Employment: Mechanism and Empirical Test[J]. , 2019, 31(6): 49-59.

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