收效与隐忧：公民压力如何影响组织公民行为

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文拓展了公民压力在中国组织和文化情境下的研究，在一家保险公司的"互帮互助，共同进步"的主题活动期间及其之后对362名员工及其同事进行了追踪问卷调查，最终收集了307对员工-同事的配对数据。研究结果发现：（1）公民压力在该主题活动期间会驱使员工采取更多即期组织公民行为，然而，（2）着眼更长的时间跨度时，公民压力因消耗员工的心理和情绪资源，在主题活动结束之后负向影响后续组织公民行为；（3）工作投入在公民压力与后续组织公民行为关系之间起中介作用；（4）员工的政治技能可以缓解公民压力对其行为和心理的影响，即对于高政治技能员工而言，公民压力对员工即期组织公民行为的直接正向影响、工作投入的直接负向影响及对后续组织公民行为的间接负向影响相对较弱；反之，对于低政治技能员工而言，以上直接和间接影响关系则更强；（5）在此基础上，本研究还进一步验证了政治技能对公民压力与后续组织公民行为之间间接关系的调节效应。

关键词: 公民压力, 组织公民行为, 工作投入, 政治技能

Abstract:

Current literature has demonstrated that employees may experience pressure when they engage in OCBs, which are often informally encouraged and rewarded. However, this paper, on the study of citizenship pressure in Chinese cultural context, shows different results from mainstream researches. The different impact mechanisms of citizenship pressure on employees' immediate and subsequent OCBs are explored respectively. It is hypothesized that work engagement as the mediator clarifies the mechanism of citizenship pressure on employees' subsequent OCBs, and political skill is hypothesized as a boundary variable to impact its interactions with citizenship pressure on employees' immediate OCBs and work engagement. In line with the hypotheses, the results of data analysis show that citizenship pressure is positively related to employees' immediate OCBs, but negatively related to employees' subsequent OCBs. Meanwhile, work engagement mediates the influence of citizenship pressure on subsequent OCBs. Furthermore, the result suggests that the relationship between citizenship pressure and immediate OCBs is stronger for employees with the lower political skill than the ones with higher political skill, meanwhile, the relationship between citizenship pressure and work engagement is more negative for employees with lower political skill than the ones with higher political skill. We further examine the moderated mediation relationship between citizenship pressure and subsequent OCBs via work engagement. The result shows that the indirect effect is more negative when the level of employees' political skill is low rather than high.

Key words: citizenship pressure, organizational citizenship behavior, work engagement, political skill

田启涛, 杨自伟. 收效与隐忧：公民压力如何影响组织公民行为[J]. , 2019, 31(5): 163-174.

Tian Qitao, Yang Ziwei. The Gain and the Loss: How does Citizenship Pressure Influence Citizenship Behavior?[J]. , 2019, 31(5): 163-174.

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