企业制度资本对新产品开发的影响研究——市场化程度与竞争强度的调节作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

论文理论探讨并实证检验了企业正式制度资本与非正式制度资本对新产品开发（开发速度与创新程度）的影响机理及作用差异，并进一步探究了企业所嵌入的外部环境对上述路径的影响。利用我国303家企业的配套调研数据研究发现：首先，企业的两种制度资本均能有效地促进新产品开发速度，而二者的效果没有显著差异。其次，企业的两种制度资本均能提升新产品创新程度，但非正式制度资本的促进效用要显著高于正式制度资本。同时，企业制度资本在新产品开发中的效用发挥受到制度发展程度和市场竞争程度的影响，具体而言：在市场化程度高的区域，企业非正式制度资本对于新产品开发（开发速度和创新程度）的促进作用均显著增强，而企业正式制度资本对新产品开发速度的促进作用显著变弱。在竞争强度高的市场，企业正式制度资本对新产品开发速度的促进作用会减弱，但对新产品创新程度的促进作用则会增强；相反，企业非正式制度资本对新产品开发速度的促进作用会增强，但对新产品创新程度的促进作用会减弱。该研究为企业的新产品开发实践及其制度资本的配置和利用提供了理论指导。

关键词: 新产品开发速度, 新产品创新程度, 正式制度资本, 非正式制度资本, 竞争强度, 市场化程度

Abstract:

This paper theoretically discusses and empirically examines the effects of a firm's formal institutional capital and informal institutional capital on new product development (NPD) (NPD speed vs. NP innovativeness), their potential heterogeneities, and their contingencies upon external environment as well. The empirical results of the survey data from 303 paired firm samples in China show that:First, both the firm's formal and informal institutional capitals have positive effects on NPD speed. Second, the firm's informal institutional capital has a higher positive effect on NP innovativeness than the formal institutional capital does. Moreover, marketization index positively moderates the relationships between the firm's informal institutional capital and NPD (both NPD speed and NP innovativeness), but only negatively moderates the relationship between the firm's formal institutional capital and NPD speed. Competitive in-tensity negatively moderates the relationship between the firm's formal institutional capital and NPD speed, but positively moderates the relationship between the firm's formal institutional capital and NP innovativeness. In contrast, competitive intensity positively moderates the relationship between the firm's informal institutional capital and NPD speed, but negatively moderates the relationship between the firm's informal institutional capital and NP innovativeness. This research provides theoretical guidance for a firm's NPD practice and its capital utilization.

Key words: NPD speed, NP innovativeness, formal institutional capital, informal institutional capital, competitive intensity, marketization index

高山行, 肖振鑫, 高宇. 企业制度资本对新产品开发的影响研究——市场化程度与竞争强度的调节作用[J]. , 2018, 30(9): 110-120.

Gao Shanxing, Xiao Zhenxin, Gao Yu. A Study on How a Firm's Institutional Capital Influences Its New Product Development——The Moderating Roles of Regional Marketization and Competitive Intensity[J]. , 2018, 30(9): 110-120.

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