交通可达性对地区经济活力的影响——基于高铁开通的准自然实验

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文基于2005—2020年331个城市20个行业的94889个细颗粒度的观测样本，以高铁开通为准自然实验场景，运用双重差分法考察交通可达性对地区经济活力的影响。实证检验发现，高铁开通显著激发了地区经济活力，其背后是人口集聚、资金集聚以及市场集聚三种效应共同作用的结果。然而，这种作用并不具有均衡性，存在虹吸效应。研究发现对于具有经济比较优势或区位比较优势的地区而言，高铁开通所带来的提升作用更加明显。本文从地区经济活力的角度丰富了对交通可达性积极外部性的理解，为我国优化高铁布局、持续改善民生建设、促进经济高质量发展提供了政策参考。

关键词: 经济活力, 高铁开通, 交通可达性, 虹吸效应

Abstract: Based on a sample of 94,889 fine-grained observations from 20 industries in 331 cities from 2005 to 2020, this paper uses the opening of high-speed railways as a quasi-natural experimental scenario to examine the impact of transportation accessibility on regional economic vitality using the Difference-in-Differences method. The empirical test finds that the opening of high-speed railways significantly stimulates the economic vitality of the region, which is the result of three effects: population agglomeration, capital agglomeration and market agglomeration. However, this impact is not balanced and there is a siphoning effect, i.e., the enhancement brought about by the opening of high-speed railways is more pronounced in regions with comparative economic or locational advantages. This paper enriches our understanding of the positive externalities of transportation accessibility from the perspective of regional economic vitality, and provides positive policy references for China’s optimization of high-speed rail layout, sustained improvement of livelihood construction, and promotion of high-quality economic development.

Key words: economic vitality, high-speed rail opening, traffic accessibility, siphon effect

魏珊珊, 游家兴, 孙倩. 交通可达性对地区经济活力的影响——基于高铁开通的准自然实验[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(6): 17-27.

Wei Shanshan, You Jiaxing, Sun Qian. Impact of Traffic Accessibility on Regional Economic Vitality: A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on High-speed Railway Operation[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(6): 17-27.

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