新型基础设施投资何以赋能经济高质量发展？——来自土地经济密度的证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土地经济密度能够反映土地利用的经济效益和集约化程度。新型基础设施由于其独特的连通性和共享性，通过推动区域间生产要素流动、社会资源整合匹配、知识技术交流共享促进经济集聚，对土地经济密度具有重要影响，能够为推动经济高质量发展带来新动能。本文将新经济地理理论与集聚外部性理论相结合构建了分析框架，以2003—2021年全国30个省级行政单元作为样本，应用空间杜宾模型实证检验了传统和新型基础设施投资对土地经济密度的影响。研究发现：新型基础设施投资对本区域土地经济密度的直接提升效应及对周边区域的正向溢出效应，均强于传统基础设施投资。三类新型基础设施中，融合基础设施投资的提升贡献最突出。产业结构高级化和技术创新在基础设施投资推动土地经济密度提升的路径中具有中介作用，而污染排放则具有遮掩作用，制约土地经济密度的提升。本文深化了对集聚外部性理论的理解，为优化新型基础设施投资布局以促进经济高质量发展提供了启示。

关键词: 新型基础设施, 高质量发展, 土地经济密度, 集聚外部性

Abstract: Land economic density, as a measurement of the volume of economic activities per unit of land area, reflects the economic benefits and intensification degree of land use. Owing to its unique connectivity and sharing attributes, new-type infrastructure promotes economic agglomeration by facilitating the flow of inter-regional production factors, the integration and matching of social resources, and the exchange and sharing of knowledge and technology, thereby having a significant impact on land economic density and providing new impetus for high-quality economic development. This study establishes an analytical framework that integrates the new economic geography theory and the agglomeration externality theory and then applies Spatial Durbin Model, with 30 provincial-level administrative units across China from 2003 to 2021 as the research sample, to empirically examine the effects of traditional infrastructure investment and new-type infrastructure investment on land economic density. The results show that new-type infrastructure investment has a stronger direct improvement effect on local land economic density and a stronger positive spillover effect on the improvement of land economic density in surrounding areas than traditional infrastructure investment. So far as investment in the three new types of infrastructure is concerned, investment in integrated infrastructure contributes the most to the improvement of land economic density. Industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation exert a mediating effect in the path through which infrastructure investment drives the improvement of land economic density, while pollution emissions exert a masking effect, which restricts the improvement of land economic density. This study deepens the understanding of the agglomeration externality theory and provides insights for optimizing the investment layout of new-type infrastructure to promote high-quality economic development.

Key words: new-type infrastructure, high-quality development, land economic density, agglomeration externality

王歌, 迟昕阳, 谭清月, 汪涛, 刘炳胜. 新型基础设施投资何以赋能经济高质量发展？——来自土地经济密度的证据[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(10): 23-35.

Wang Ge, Chi Xinyang, Tan Qingyue, Wang Tao, Liu Bingsheng. How can New-type Infrastructure Investment Empower High-quality Economic Development: Evidence from Land Economic Density[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(10): 23-35.

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