TOE框架下促进我国企业基础研究投入的组态研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： TOE（technology-organization-environment）框架即“技术-组织-环境”框架，是一种可用于组态研究的理论分析框架。基于TOE框架，本文以32家设立企业国家重点实验室的科技企业为案例，运用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）方法，探讨技术、组织、环境层面因素对企业基础研究投入强度的联动效应及其路径选择，探索性地识别出两类促成企业基础研究高投入强度的路径，即高技术行业高成长性企业的路径、高市场竞争中企业柔性应变的路径；以及两类引致企业基础研究低投入强度的路径，即高市场竞争中企业成长放缓的路径、低技术行业中政府资助不足的路径。这一结果印证了企业基础研究投入强度的驱动因素中存在非对称性的因果关系。研究还发现，单一条件并不构成企业基础研究高投入强度（或低投入强度）的必要条件，企业基础研究投入强度受多重因素的并发影响，环境、组织和技术三个层面因素形成驱动企业基础研究高投入强度的多样化组态，即企业基础研究高投入强度的驱动路径具有“殊途同归”的特征。研究结果为提升企业科技创新能力提供了新的研究视角和决策依据。

关键词: 基础研究, 研发投入, TOE框架, 模糊集定性比较, 战略性新兴产业

Abstract: Based on the TOE framework, this research takes 32 firms that have set up firm-based national key laboratories as cases and uses the method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to discuss technological, organizational, and environmental factors’ joint effect on firm-based investment in basic research. This research identifies two pathways that promote high investment in firm-based basic research: the high-growth firms in high-tech industries and the flexible adaptation of firms in high-market competition. And this research also identifies two pathways that lead to low investment in firm-based basic research: the stagnant growth of firms in high market competition and the lack of government funding in low-tech industries. This result further confirms the asymmetry of causality among the driving factors of investment in firm-based basic research. It is also found that a single condition does not constitute a necessary condition for high (or low) investment in firm-based basic research. This research confirms that diversified configurations can equally promote or prohibit investment in firm-based basic research. This study contributes to the literature on technological advancement and firm innovation.

Key words: basic research, R&D investment, TOE framework, fsQCA, strategic emerging industries

张闳肆, 高雨辰, 程帆. TOE框架下促进我国企业基础研究投入的组态研究[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(8): 78-90.

Zhang Hongsi, Gao Yuchen, Cheng Fan. Configuration Analysis on the Investment Intensity of Enterprise Basic Research Based on TOE Framework[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(8): 78-90.

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