环境规制对于居民健康的影响——基于环境污染和经济增长的中介效应分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 政府环境规制的目标在于为居民提供良好的人居环境，以保障居民健康。已有关于环境规制的研究多集中在环境规制的经济影响和环境效应层面，对于环境规制与居民健康之间的关系以及作用路径和特征的研究相对较少。本文采用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据，运用多层混合效应有序Logistic回归模型估计不同环境规制政策工具对于居民健康的影响，将环境污染和经济增长纳入中介效应模型,分析环境规制对居民健康影响的路径机制，并运用面板门槛模型探索不同经济增长水平和不同环境污染治理水平地区环境规制对居民健康影响的异质性。结果显示：①环境规制对于居民健康具有显著的促进作用。②环境规制通过降低环境污染和促进经济增长的中介作用提高居民健康水平。③环境规制对于居民健康的影响呈现出区域差异性，在地区经济增长较快和环境污染治理较好的区域,环境规制作用效果更强。④命令控制型和市场激励型环境规制政策工具显著提高了居民健康水平，自愿型环境规制工具的作用效果尚不显著。

关键词: 环境规制, 规制工具, 居民健康, 环境污染, 经济增长

Abstract: The goal of government environmental regulation is to provide residents with a good living environment to protect the health of residents. Existing studies on environmental regulation mainly focus on the economic impact and environmental effect of environmental regulation, but there are relatively few studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and residents’ health, as well as the path and characteristics of action. This paper uses the data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to estimate the impacts of different environmental regulation policy tools on public health by using the multi-layer mixed effects ordered Logistic regression model. Environmental pollution and economic growth are included in the mediating effects model to analyze the pathway mechanism of their impacts. The panel threshold model is used to further explore the heterogeneity of the impact of environmental regulations on public health in regions with different economic development conditions and pollution control levels. The findings are as follows. (1) Environmental regulation has a significant promoting effect on the improvement of public health. (2) Environmental regulation promotes the improvement of public health through the mediating effect of environmental pollution and economic growth. (3) The effect of environmental regulation on public health shows regional differences, and the effect of environmental regulation is stronger in regions with rapid economic development and better environmental pollution control. (4) The command-control and market-incentive environmental regulation policy tools significantly promote the improvement of residents’ health, among which the market-incentive environmental regulation policy tools have the best effect on health improvement, while the voluntary environmental regulation tools have no significant effect.

Key words: environmental regulation, regulation tools, public health, environmental pollution, economic growth

邹雨柔, 王光滨, 吕晨. 环境规制对于居民健康的影响——基于环境污染和经济增长的中介效应分析[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(6): 252-262.

Zou Yurou, Wang Guangbin, Lv Chen. Effect of Environmental Regulation on Public Health: Analysis of Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth as the Mediating Factors[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(6): 252-262.

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