孵化器如何提升初创期创业企业生态位？——一个有调节的中介效应模型

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于组织生态理论，从生态位视角剖析创业企业成长路径，结合初创期创业企业的孵化特征，引入机会与资源开发作为中介变量、市场动态性作为调节变量，分析孵化器与初创期创业企业生态位提升影响关系的作用机理。以386个入驻孵化器的初创企业为样本进行实证分析，研究结果表明：孵化器支持对资源拼凑具有显著正向影响，并对机会评价具有显著的倒U型影响；资源拼凑与机会评价对初创期创业企业生态位提升具有显著正向影响；孵化器支持对初创期创业企业生态位提升具有显著的倒U型影响，并且会通过资源拼凑与机会评价间接影响初创期创业企业生态位的提升。另外，市场动态性对资源拼凑的中介效应具有负向调节作用。研究结论填补了组织生态理论在创业企业成长领域的空缺，并对初创期企业如何通过占据优势生态位而跃迁成为瞪羚企业具有实践指导意义。

关键词: 孵化器, 创业企业, 生态位提升, 机会资源, 市场动态性

Abstract: Based on the organizational ecology theory, we analyze the growth path of startups from the perspective of ecological niche, combine the incubation characteristics of startups, introduce opportunity and resource development as mediating variables, and market dynamics as moderating variables, and analyze the role mechanism of the relationship between the incubator and the ecological niche enhancement influence of startups. The empirical analysis is conducted with a sample of 386 startups residing in the incubator, and the results of the study show that: the incubator support has a significant positive influence on the relationship between the resource patchwork and a significant inverted U-shape relationship with the evaluation of opportunities; the relationship between the resource patchwork and the evaluation of opportunities has a significant positive influence on the ecological status enhancement of the startups. Incubator support has a significant inverted U-shaped relationship with the ecological status enhancement of startups, and indirectly affects the ecological status enhancement of startups through the resource patchwork and opportunity evaluation. In addition, market dynamics negatively moderate the indirect effect of resource pooling. The findings of this study fill the gap of organizational ecology theory in the field of entrepreneurial growth, and provide practical guidance on how startups can become gazelles by occupying advantageous ecological niches.

Key words: incubator, start-ups, niche improvement, opportunity resources, market dynamics

史童, 胡海青, 梁志康, 王兆群. 孵化器如何提升初创期创业企业生态位？——一个有调节的中介效应模型[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(10): 88-99.

Shi Tong, Hu Haiqing, Liang Zhikang, Wang Zhaoqun. How do Incubators Improve the Niche of Start-ups？—A Moderated Intermediary Effect Model[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(10): 88-99.

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