管理评论

管理评论 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 162-173.

• 组织行为与人力资源管理 • 上一篇    

人工智能使用对员工工作绩效的影响：基于功能和关系双重视角

魏巍, 杨乐乐   

  1. 安徽财经大学工商管理学院, 蚌埠 233030
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-23 发布日期:2025-11-18
  • 作者简介:魏巍（通讯作者），安徽财经大学工商管理学院副教授，硕士生导师，博士；杨乐乐，安徽财经大学工商管理学院硕士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目（AHSKY2024D016）；安徽省高校科研重点项目（2024AHM52091）。

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Use on Employee Work Performance: Based on the Functional and Relational Perspectives

Wei Wei, Yang Lele   

  1. School of Business Administration, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030
  • Received:2024-12-23 Published:2025-11-18

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摘要： 随着AI在工作场所的普遍运用，AI逐渐成为员工工作的合作者，并对员工的行为表现产生深刻影响，而AI使用对员工工作绩效的影响仍需深入探索。本文基于社会认知理论，分别从功能和关系视角出发，探讨AI使用对员工工作绩效的影响机制。采用情景实验法和问卷调查法开展研究。情景实验结果表明，AI使用对员工工作绩效具有正向影响，AI培训不仅正向调节AI使用和宽度自我效能感的关系，还正向调节AI使用和过程参与感的关系。问卷调查结果表明，AI使用通过宽度自我效能感对员工工作绩效产生正向影响，也通过过程参与感对员工工作绩效产生正向影响，宽度自我效能感和过程参与感在AI使用对员工工作绩效的影响中起中介作用。AI培训水平越强，AI使用通过宽度自我效能感和过程参与感对员工工作绩效产生的间接效应越强。研究结果进一步拓展了AI使用对员工工作绩效的影响研究，为智能化工作场域中的员工绩效管理提供了实践启示。

关键词: AI使用, 工作绩效, 宽度自我效能感, 过程参与感, AI培训

Abstract: With the widespread use of AI in the workplace, AI has gradually become a collaborator in employees’ work and has a profound impact on employees’ behavioral performance. The impact of AI use on employees’ work performance still needs to be explored in depth. Based on social cognitive theory, this paper explores the mechanism of how AI use influences employee work performance from the functional perspective and the relationship perspective respectively. An independent research is conducted using scenario experiment method and questionnaire method. The results of scenario experiments show that AI use has a positive impact on employee work performance. The questionnaire results show that AI use has a positive impact on employee work performance through width self-efficacy, and AI use will also have a positive impact on employee work performance through process participation. Width self-efficacy and process participation play a mediating role in the impact of AI use on employee work performance. The indirect effect of AI use on employee performance through breadth self-efficacy and process participation is stronger when AI training is stronger.The research results further expand the research on the impact of AI use on employee performance, providing practical implications for employee performance management in the intelligent workplace.

Key words: AI use, work performance, breadth self-efficacy, process participation, AI training